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Physiology

Assignment 2

TermDefinition
pH of 7 indicates neutrality
pH of less than 7 indicates acidity more (H+ than OH-)
pH greater than 7 indicates alkalinity (more OH- than H+)
____ is used to describe an arterial blood pH of less than 7.35 acidosis
____ is used to describe an arterial blood pH greater than 7.45. alkalosis
Carbonic acid forms in the blood when cells produce waste ____ CO2
Lactic acid is thought to be produced when excess ____ lactate and free H+ ions form in the anaerobic pathway of glucose metabolism, and fail to enter the aerobic pathway because of oxygen shortage.
____ is produced when sulfur-containing amino acids are oxidized. Sulfuric acid
____ accumulates when certain phospho-proteins and ribonucleotides are broken down for energy purposes. Phosphoric acid
____ accumulate during the incomplete break-down of fats. Acidic ketone bodies, which include acetone, acetoacetic acid, and B-hydroxybutyric acid,
Acid-forming elements include chlorine, sulfur, and phosphorus—all are abundant in high-protein foods such as meat, fish, poultry, and eggs. They are also present in some grains such as wheat, corn, and oats. These foods are often designated as acid-forming foods.
Mineral elements that are alkaline, or basic, in solution include potassium, calcium, sodium, and magnesium. All these elements are found in fruits and vegetables, which nutritionists often label as base-forming foods.
The two major types of control systems chemical and physiological
Chemical buffers chemical mechanisms in the blood. Immediate. Bicarbonate buffer system Phosphate buffer system Protein buffer system.
Physiological buffers respiratory mechanisms and urinary mechanisms . Minutes=Respiratory response system. Hours=Renal response system.
range of blood pH 7.36 to 7.41 (book)
Created by: elchavez3
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