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Study Stack 2
Physiology Weeks 7-13
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Electrical vs Chemical Synapse | Electrical: Where 2 cells are joined end to end by gap junctions, and occur between cardiac muscle cells and between some types of smooth muscle cells. Chemical: use a neurotransmitter to send a signal from the presynaptic to postsynaptic cells. |
| Role of ANS | -Major function is to regular heartbeat, smooth muscle contraction, glandular secretions, metabolic functions maintain homeostatic balance -Contains afferent (sensory) and efferent (motor) components -Carries fibers to and from autonomic effectors |
| Hormone classifications by general function/ structure | Tropic: target other endocrine glands and stimulate growth. secretion Sex: target reproductive tissues Anabolic: stimulate anabolism and target cells Structure: steroid/ non steroid hormones |
| Hormone Actions | Target: signals a cell by binding to target cell's specific receptors in "lock and key" mechanism Transduction: hormone-receptor interactions produce different regulatory changes within target cell via chemical reactions |
| 3 main types of formed elements | -RBCs/ erythrocytes -WBCs/ leukocytes *granulocytes (neutrophils/ eosinophils/ basophils -Agranulocytes/ lymphocytes and monocytes -Platelets/ thrombocytes |
| Peripheral resistance | -Resistance to blood flow imposed by force of friction between blood and walls of its vessels. Viscosity thickness developed by friction -Helps determine arterial blood pressure because the more resistance in arterioles, more blood backs up in arteries |
| Lymphatic system | -Maintains fluid balance and immunity, collects absorbed fat from intestines -collects excess tissue fluid and returns venous blood before returns to heart -lymph, lymphatic vessels, lymph nodes, nodules, tonsils, thymus, spleen, bone marrow |
| Immune system | protects against assaults on body -external: microorganisms, protozoans, bacterie viruses -internal: abnormalities cells that reproduce and form tumors that may become cancerous and spread |
| Respiratory system | External: pulmonary ventilation and gas exchange -transports gases by blood Internal: systemic tissue gas exchange, cellular respiration -regulation of respiration |
| Digestive function | -bring essential nutrients into internal environment so that they are available to each cell of the body 1. ingestion 2. digestion 3. motility of GI wall 4. secretion/ absorption 5. elimination 6. regulation |
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