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Resilience biochem
Uni of Notts, core skills in biochemistry, first year
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| 3 main factors affecting neural plasticity | Neurogenesis, controlled strengthening & attenuation of synapses, & permeability of membranes controlled by ion channels |
| Epigenetic modification | Methylation of cytosine, acetylation of histones, & SiRNA in the brain modulate transcription & affect neuroplasticity |
| Role of cortisol in survival | Released in response to a threat (HPA) or just circadian rhythms. This glucocorticoid mobilises glucose, reduces cognitive function, & memory formation, decreases inflammation & bone growth to engage fight or flight response |
| Role of DHEA-s in survival | Released by the HPA to modulate the effects of cortisol. Affects glutamate & GABA function as a neurosteroid to promote synaptogenesis, neurogenesis, & mood regulation while supporting BDNF expression |
| BDNF (Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor) | Neurotrophic signalling peptide which causes cascades leading to increased synaptogenesis, reducing neuronal damage, & supporting LTPs of emotional experiences which allow them to be coded as learning moments rather than trauma |
| Growth mindset | The belief that threats & negative experiences are challenges & learning opportunities. This affects the endocrine system causing less of a fight or flight response to each stimulus & raising the DHEA-s:cortisol ratio decreasing anxiety & depression |
| Effects of exercise on brain function | Increases brain function by increasing blood flow to the hippocampus while increasing concentration of BDNF in the blood |
| VGF | Not an acronym, name of gene for a precursor protein. Modulates metabolism, increases LTP in learning & adaptation. Increases resistance to depression & depressive behaviours |
| IGF-2 (Insulin-like Growth Factor) | Hormone synthesised in brain with similar structure to insulin. Most active during development but still allows learning by reinforcement & feedback |
| RSF-1 (Restructuring & Splicing Factor) | Protein complexes involved in chromatin modelling which epigenetically control regulation of neurotrophic factors |
| Irisin | Hormone created in the muscle to increase glucose sensitivity & convert white fat to brown fat. It crosses the blood brain barrier to protect neurones from degeneration & improve mood |
| Adiponectin | Antiglucocorticoid hormone released by adipose tissue to help glucose regulation, reduce inflammation, & protect arteries while having a positive impact on the brain |
Created by:
Beech47
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