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CMD anatomy terms
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| anatomy | study of structures in the body, and the relationship of these structures to one another |
| physiology | study of functions of organisms and structures in the body |
| laryngeal system | protects lower airways from foreign substances -functions as a sound generator for speech production |
| upper airway system | oral cavity, nasal cavity, pharynx, and larynx -controls feeding/swallowing, resonance, and articulation |
| respiratory system | -driving force for speech production -moves air in and out for life sustaining gas exchange -coordination with swallowing and coughing |
| Subsystems involved in swallowing and speech production | -respiratory system -laryngeal system -upper airway system |
| trachea | -cartilaginous tube -top part of the inverted pulmonary tree -extends from larynx down -connected to esophagus |
| esophagus | muscular tube that carries food and liquid to the stomach |
| alveoli | tiny air sacs where gas exchange occurs -300 million alveoli in lungs |
| pulmonary apparatus | -rib cage wall -diaphragm -abdominal wall -abdominal content |
| diaphragm | -primary muscle of inspiration -separates upper (thorax/chest) from lower (abdomen/belly) cavities -dome shaped, upside-down bowl |
| muscles of the respiratory system | inspiratory muscles-above diaphragm, confined to thorax(chest) expiratory muscles-below diaphragm, confined to abdomen |
| external intercostal muscles- inspiration | outer portion of ribs, elevate rib cage, increase thorax -pectoralis major, pertoralis minor, serratus anterior, levatores costarum |
| internal intercostal muscles- expiration/exhalation | lie underneath external intercostals, pulls down rib cage, decreasing thorax -external oblique, internal oblique, transverse abdominis, rectus abdominis |
| abdominal aponeurosis | broad sheet of connective tissue that covers front of abdominal wall -attaches abdominal muscles to skeleton |
| larynx | air valve located in front of neck, composed of cartilages, muscles, and other tissue. -AKA voice box -sits between trachea and pharynx -suspended from hyoid bone -holds vocal folds |
| hyoid bone | U-shaped, free-floating structure -attachment point for laryngeal and tongue musculature |
| epiglottis | -leaf shaped cartilage -low end attached to thyroid notch -midpoint attached to hyoid bone -prevents food from entering larynx and airway during swallowing |
| vocal folds | appear to be ivory-colored bands of tissue -attach to back of arytenoid cartilages, + front midline of thyroid cartilage -abduct-move apart -adduct- move together |
| glottis | space between vocal folds -consists of 5 layers |
| ventricular folds | -aka false vocal folds -attach to thyroid cartilage at front -attach to front + sides of arytenoid cartilages at the back -adduct along with vocal folds during swallowing -dont vibrate |
Created by:
liz gelles
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