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BIO_319_EXAM_2

Chapter_3

QuestionAnswer
- What is energy? The Capacity to do work
- What 4 forms of energy are in the Human Body? 1. Mechanical 2. Heat 3. Electrical 4. Chemical
What is Calorimetry? Science that quantifies the heat release from metabolism
What is 1Kcal Defined? The heat required to raise the temperature of 1 kg of water 1 degree celsius at 1 atmosphere of pressure
What is the DLW Technique? The gold standard for measuring TDE. - analysis of urine and blood for H2 and O18 to measure CO2
How is energy stored in the body? ATP for immediate energy PCR for rapidly replenish ATP/ minimally stored
What can the Human body store for energy? Fat, carbs, proteins
What are the 3 energy systems and when is each one used? ATP-Pcr system - High-intensity (~5 seconds or less) Anaerobic Glycolysis - high-intensity (~3 minutes or less) Aerobic Oxidation - Lower intensity (>3 minutes)
What percentages of these 3 components make up the TDEE? Basal energy expenditure = 60-75% Thermic effect of food = 10-15% Thermic effect of physical activity = 15-30%
What does BMR stand for? Basal metabolic rate - Minimum amount of energy needed to perform basic life functions
What does RMR stand for? Resting energy Expenditure - Basic amount of energy the body needs for rest
Which is typically higher and by what percent? (RMR or BMR) RMR is higher by 10%
What are genetic factors that impact RMR? (5 things) - Age - Body composition - Hormone activity - Body size - Sex/gender
What are the external factors that impact RMR Caffeine Hot/spicy food Nicotine temperature Altitude
When is the ATP-PCr system used in exercise - Short bursts of high intensity (Sprinting)
When is the Glycolysis system used in exercise - High intensity 10 seconds to a few minutes ( weight lifting)
When is the Oxidative system used in exercise Moderately intense exercises (Long distance)
Created by: user-1763297
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