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Physiology week 1-6

TermDefinition
What are the three structural classifications of joints? Fibrous, Cartilaginous, Synovial
Define fibrous joints and give an example. Joints where bones are connected by fibrous connective tissue. Examples: sutures in the skull, syndesmoses (like between the tibia and fibula), gomphoses (tooth in socket).
What are the two primary types of skeletal tissue? Bone (osseous tissue) and Cartilage.
What are the major functions of bone? Support, protection, movement, mineral storage (calcium, phosphate), blood cell production (hematopoiesis), triglyceride storage.
What are the two main types of bone based on macroscopic structure? Compact bone and Spongy bone.
What is the role of ATP in muscle contraction? ATP is required for both cross-bridge formation (myosin binding to actin) and cross-bridge detachment (myosin releasing from actin). It's the energy source for muscle contraction.
What are the four main types of tissues in the body? Epithelial, Connective, Muscle, Nervous.
What are the functions of the skin? Protection, temperature regulation, sensory perception, vitamin D synthesis.
What is mitosis? The process of nuclear division in which a cell divides into two identical daughter cell.
What are the two main layers of the skin? Epidermis and Dermis.
Why is homeostasis important? It's essential for cell survival and proper body function. Enzymes and other cellular processes work optimally within a narrow range of conditions.
What are the three main components of a homeostatic control system? Receptor, Control Center, Effector.
What are the four main classes of biomolecules? Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins, Nucleic Acids.
What are the building blocks (monomers) of carbohydrates? Monosaccharides (simple sugars).
What is negative feedback? A mechanism that reverses the original change, restoring the system to its set point. Most homeostatic control systems use negative feedback.
What are biomolecules? Large organic molecules that are essential for life.
Created by: user-1929174
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