Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
HUMAN PHYSIOLOGY
weeks 7-13
| Question/Term | Answer/Definition |
|---|---|
| A term commonly used as a synonym for action potential is | nerve impulse |
| The first event to occur when an adequate stimulus is applied to a neuron is: | some of the sodium channels at the point of stimulation open. |
| During a relative refractory period: | the action potential can be initiated with a strong stimulus. |
| When an impulse reaches a synapse: | chemical transmitters are released. |
| There are two types of synapses—the electrical synapse and the __________ synapse. | chemical |
| The brief period during which a local area of an axon's membrane resists re-stimulation is called the __________ period. | refractor |
| Serotonin is an example of a(n): | amine neurotransmitter. |
| Which is true of a neuron with a resting potential? | The sodium pump has moved Na+ to the outside of the plasma membrane. |
| Which neuron could transmit a nerve impulse the fastest? | A large-diameter neuron with myelin |
| The fastest nerve fibers in the body can conduct an impulse that is how much faster than the slowest fibers in the body? | Almost 300 times faster |
| Which of the following antidepressants acts by blocking the action of monoamine oxidase (MAO)? | Phenelzine |
| A synaptic knob would be located on a(n): | axon |
| The neurotransmitter(s) that inhibit(s) the conduction of pain impulses is(are): | enkephalins |
| The _____ consists of several structures that lie beneath the thalamus and form the floor of the third ventricle and the lower part of its lateral walls. | hypothalamus |
| The set of coordinated commands that control the programmed muscle activity mediated by extrapyramidal pathways is called the | extrapyramidal tract |
| Acetylcholine binds to _____ receptors. | cholinergic |
| Another name for the parasympathetic nervous system is the nervous system. | craniosacral |
| The limbic system integrates | emotion |
| A reflex consists of either a muscle contraction or a | glandular secretion |
| Mixed cranial nerves contain axons of | sensory and motor neurons |
| Which region of the brain plays a part in the mechanism responsible for emotions by associating sensory impulses with feelings of pleasantness and unpleasantness? | thalamus |
| The cortex is capable of storing and retrieving information from both short-term and long-term | memory |
| The somatic motor system includes all the _____ motor pathways _____ the CNS. | voluntary; within |
| The most numerous cerebral tracts are the | association tracts |
| Sensory impulses ending in what part of the CNS trigger imprecise or “crude” sensation awareness? | Thalamus |
| The immediate effect of a steroid hormone on a cell is the: | transcription of RNA. |
| When you are looking at a large green field, which cones would be sending the green wavelength to the brain? | M |
| One of the few hormones that functions on a positive-feedback loop is: | oxytocin |
| In comparison with the nervous system, the regulatory effects of the endocrine system are: | slow to appear but long-lasting |
| Which of the following statements is not true of the pineal gland? | Melatonin is stimulated by the presence of sunlight. |
| The clear and potassium-rich fluid that fills the labyrinth is | endolymph |
| The two-point discrimination test can be used to measure: | the sensitivity of the skin in various parts of the body. |
| The last step in the nonsteroid hormone mechanism of action is: | protein kinases activate other enzymes |
| Visceroceptors are located in which of the following? | Internal organs |
| During pregnancy, what happens to the oxygenated blood returned from the placenta via the umbilical vein? | It flows into the ductus venosus. |
| The term used to describe the collection of mechanisms that influence the circulation of blood is: | hemodynamics |
| The chemoreceptors in the carotid bodies are particularly sensitive to: | hypoxia |
| The mechanisms of which three hormones work together to regulate blood volume? | aldosterone, TSH, and ADH |
| Erythrocytes begin their maturation sequence in red bone marrow from nucleated cells known as: | erythroblasts |
| The term blood type refers to the type of blood cell | antigen |
| The physiological mechanism that dissolves clots is known as | fibrinolysis |
| In the extrinsic pathway of stage 1 of the clotting mechanism, chemicals released from damaged tissues trigger the cascade of events that ultimately result in the formation of | prothrombin activator |
| prothrombin activator. | aortic baroreceptors and carotid baroreceptors |
| The localized pressure gradient needed to maintain blood flow in a tissue is called | perfusion pressure |
| The function of which antibody is basically unknown? | IgD |
| Memory cells: | become plasma cells when exposed to an antigen. |
| Adaptive immunity, part of the body’s third line of defense, is orchestrated by two different classes of a type of white blood cell called the | lymphocyte |
| Recognition of antigens by antibodies occurs when an | antigen’s epitopes fit into and bind to an antigen molecule’s antigen-binding site. |
| Lymphocytes that kill many types of tumor cells and cells infected by different kinds of viruses are known as | natural killer cells |
| _____ refers to a phenomenon in which the genetic characteristics common to a particular kind of organism provide defense against certain pathogens. | Species resistance |
| The functions of the lymph nodes are | defense and hematopoiesis. |
| The ability of our immune system to attack abnormal or foreign cells but spare our own normal cells is called: | self-tolerance. |
| Which of the following is a powerful poison that acts directly on any cell and quickly kills it? | lymphotoxin |
| The tendency of the thorax and lungs to return to the preinspiration volume is called: | elastic recoil |
| When the pressure in the lung is greater than atmospheric pressure: | expiration occurs |
| Internal respiration can be defined as: | the exchange of gases between the blood capillaries and the tissue cells. |
| Which of the following combinations in arterial blood could cause an increase in the respiratory rate? | Increased PCO2, decreased arterial pressure, decreased pH, decreased PO2 |
| Which of the following is not a true statement? | Raising the ribs decreases the depth and width of the thorax. |
| The PCO2 in the atmosphere is: | less than in the alveolar air. |
| The function of the vibrissae in the vestibule is to: | provide an initial “filter” to screen particulate matter from air that is entering the system. |
| Boyle’s law states that the volume of a gas varies _____ with pressure at a _____ temperature. | inversely; constant |
| Which step of deglutition is under voluntary control? | Oral stage |
| The process of swallowing is known as: | deglutition |
| Bicarbonates are useful in the GI tract to: | neutralize hydrochloric acid |
| An end product of fat digestion is: | glycerol |
| The hormone that stimulates the gallbladder to release bile is | cholecystokinin |
| Polysaccharides are hydrolyzed into disaccharides by enzymes known as: | amylase |
| The process of fat emulsification consists of: | breaking fats into small droplets |
| The enzyme pepsin begins the digestion of: | protein |
| The sodium cotransport or coupled transport acts to transport sodium ions and glucose molecules _____ the GI lumen. | actively into |
| The hormone that stimulates the release of bicarbonate substance from the pancreas is: | secretin |
Created by:
kamalisa
Popular Physiology sets