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Physiology Final

QuestionAnswer
What is the primary function of the alveoli in the respiratory system? The alveoli facilitate gas exchange by allowing oxygen to diffuse into the blood and carbon dioxide to diffuse out.
What is the role of the small intestine in digestion? The small intestine is responsible for nutrient absorption and further chemical digestion of food using enzymes from the pancreas and bile from the liver.
What are the three main processes involved in urine formation? The three main processes are filtration, reabsorption, and secretion.
What is the role of the placenta during pregnancy? The placenta facilitates the exchange of nutrients, gases, and waste between the mother and the fetus.
What is the function of lymph nodes? Lymph nodes filter lymph, trapping pathogens and producing lymphocytes to fight infections.
What are the two main divisions of the nervous system? The central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS).
What is the difference between voluntary and involuntary muscles? Voluntary muscles (skeletal) are consciously controlled, while involuntary muscles (smooth and cardiac) operate automatically.
What is the role of antibodies in immunity? Antibodies bind to specific antigens to neutralize or mark them for destruction by immune cells.
Why is sodium important in fluid and electrolyte balance? Sodium helps regulate fluid balance, nerve signaling, and muscle contraction.
What are the main components of blood? Blood consists of plasma, red blood cells (erythrocytes), white blood cells (leukocytes), and platelets.
What is the role of bicarbonate in acid-base balance? Bicarbonate acts as a buffer to maintain the pH balance of blood by neutralizing acids.
What is the function of the nephron? The nephron filters blood to form urine, regulating water and solute balance.
Created by: CGroeneveld
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