Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Ch 34
Neurosurgery
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Transmits information to Neurons, Muscles & Glandular tissues? | Neuron |
| Acts as the sending & receiving area for nerve impulses & is the energy center for the cell | Soma |
| Carries Nerve impulses away [Efferent connection] from the cell | Axon |
| Carries nerve impulses toward [Afferent connection] the cell | Dendrites |
| Bone that provides structure for the forehead & its orbits | Frontal Bone |
| 2 Bones on either side of the skull. Provide structure for the sides & roof of the cranium | Parietal Bones |
| 2 Bones on either side of the skull. Contribute to the structure for the sides of the cranium | Temporal Bones |
| Bone that provides structure to the back of the skull & a portion of the floor of the cranium. Where the visual cortex of the brain is located. | Occipital |
| Thin membrane that connect the skulls bony plates | Suture |
| Coronal, Sagittal, Lambdoid & Squamous are what? | Four main sutures that connect the plate of the skull |
| The outermost layer of meninges & is composed of very dense, fibrous tissue. | Dura Mater |
| Middle layer of meninges made up of very delicate serous membrane that has the appearance of a spider web | Arachnoid Mater |
| The innermost layer that is closest to the brain. Has a vascular membrane containing areolar connective tissue. | Pia Mater |
| Space filled with cerebrospinal fluid that circulates over all parts of the central nervous system | Subarachnoid space |
| The outermost layer of the brain composed of nerve cells and blood vessels | Gray Matter (Cerebral Cortex) |
| Controls higher-level functions like memory, thinking, and problem-solving | Cerebral Cortex |
| The largest portion of the human brain and is also known as the forebrain. Accounts for 88% of the total weight of the organ | Cerebrum |
| Ridges "Convolutions" that cover the surface of the Cerebrum | Gyrus |
| Shallow grooves/depressions on the surface of the Cerebrum | Sulcus |
| Deep grooves that divide the cerebrum into lobes | Fissures |
| 3 main sections of the brain | Cerebrum, Cerebellum, & Brain Stem |
| Lobes of the cerebrum | Frontal, Parietal, Occipital, and Temporal lobes |
| Dendrites, Axon & the Cell body | Components of a Neuron |
| 2nd largest structure of the brain | Cerebellum |
| Part of the brain that is posterior to the medulla oblongata & inferior to the Cerebrum's occipital lobe | Cerebellum |
| Lowest part of the brain stem & continuous with the spinal cord | Medulla Oblongata |
| Distal most area of the spinal cord of spinal nerves | Filum Terminale |
| Network of arteries that give rise to to the other arteries that supply blood to the cerebral hemisphere | Circle of Willis |
| Branch from the Common Carotid artery, provides brain with most of its blood | Internal Carotid Artery |
| Branch from the Common Carotid that divides into the Anterior Cerebral Artery & Posterior & middle Cerebral Artery | Internal Carotid Artery |
| Artery which supplies blood to to the cerebrum medial surface & middle cerebral artery | Anterior Cerebral Artery (ACA) |
| Network of arteries that ensures continuity of blood supply to the brain if any of the arteries are compromised. | Circle of Willis |
| Branch of Internal Carotid which supplies blood to the lateral surface of the Cerebrum | Middle Cerebral artery (MCA) |
| Arteries that unite and form the single basilar artery that divides to form the posterior cerebral arteries | Vertebral Arteries |
| Arteries that serve the Occipital and Temporal Regions of the Cerebrum | Posterior Cerebral Arteries |
| Provides structure & protects the Spinal Cord | Vertebral Column |
| Cartilaginous cushions that separate the vertebrae | Intervertebral Disks |
| Tough outer layer of outer layer of of vertebral disks | Annulus Fibrosus |
| Soft gelatinous core of the vertebral disks | Nucleus Pulposus |
| connect the left and right hemispheres of the brain & allows for communication between hemispheres | Corpus Callosum |
| # of Cervical Vertebrae | 7 |
| # of bones that make up the Vertebral column | 33 |
| 1st cervical vertibrae | Atlas |
| 2nd cervical vertebrae responsible for flexion & extension of the head | Axis |
| # of Thoracic Vertebrae | 12 |
| # of Lumbar Vertebrae | 5 |
| # of Sacral Vertebrae | 5 (considered part of the pelvic girdle) |
| The spinal cord begins at | Foramen Magnum |
| Spinal cord ends at | Cauda Equina |
| Nerves that look like horses tail | Cauda Equina |
| What is the function of the Dura Arachnoid & Pia Mater | Conduct impulses & serve as a spinal reflex center |
| # of cranial bones | 12 |
| CN III | Oculomotor |
| CN IV | Trochlear |
| CN V | Trigminal |
| CN VI | Abducens |
| Cranial Nerve that Innervates a muscle which moves the eye | CN VI Abducens |
| Cranial Nerve that is responsible for sensory innervation of the face and motor innervation to muscles of mastication, Tympanic Membrane | CN V Trigeminal |
| Cranial Nerve that controls an extraocular muscle | CN IV Trochlear |
| Cranial Nerve that is responsible for motor innervation of the upper eyelid muscle, extraocular muscle and pupillary muscle | CN III Oculomotor |
| Two Nervous Systems of the body | Central Nervous System (CNS) & Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) |
| Nervous system that which is the brain & spinal cord | Central Nervous System (CNS) |
| Nervous System comprised of Nerves that Communicates to the CNS | Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) |
| 2 divisions of the Peripheral Nervous System | Autonomic & Somatic |
| Involuntary division of the Peripheral Nervous System | Autonomic |
| Division of Peripheral Nervous System that controls voluntary muscle movement | Somatic |
| 2 nervous systems that that the Autonomic nervous system is responsible for | Sympathetic and Parasympathetic |
| Nervous System in charge of Fight or Flight | Sympathetic Nervous System |
| Nervous system responsible for resting functions | Parasympathetic Nervous System |
| Pre operative brain mapping | Functional MRI |
| MRI technology with a head frame and magnetic markers called fiducials to pinpoint a particular location in the brain& provide precise coordinates for surgery | Stereotactic MRI |
| Technology that provides images of vascular structures. Useful for visualizing the cerebral circulation | Magnetic Resonance Angiography (MRA) |
| Arterial catheter used to inject a contrast medium in patients arterial system. helps diagnosis of Cerebral aneurysms & arteriovenous malformations | Angiography |
| Used with bits and attachments for making burr holes | Hudson Brace |
| Horseshoe or pin fixation device for neurosurgical cranial positioning | Mayfield |
| Instrument used for scalp hemostasis and resembles a Crile or Kelly hemostat except the curve is to the side | Dandy |
| Instrument used to extract pieces of the nucleus pulposus in a discectomy | Pituitary Rongeurs |
| A system used in a spinal case that precisely delivers an instrument to a target at any point within a defined space | Stereotaxis |
| Monitoring used intraoperatively. Continuous evaluation of a patient's nervous system | Neurophysiological |
| Emits a variable ultrasonic energy field that emulsifies abnormal tissue while preserving normal neural tissue | Ultrasonic Aspirator (CUSA) |
| Intracarotid amobarbital procedure, is a diagnostic test that maps language and memory function in the brain's hemispheres | WADA test |
| Surgical position that allows position used for exposure of the unilateral temporal, occipital lobe, brain stem, or cerebellum. | Lateral or Semi Lateral |
| Position allows bilateral access to occipital, brain stem or cerebellum. Requires the use of 3-pin skull fixation device attached to a frame | Sitting |
| Surgical position; bilateral access to occipital, cerebellum, or brain stem. Chest rolls, pillow or Mayfield horseshoe headrest | Prone |
| Thrombin Gelfoam, Gelfoam powder, and surgicel are cut to the same size as what | Cottonoids |
| Gelfoam, Thrombin, Surgicel, and bone wax are what | Hemostatic agents |
| Diuretic used to remove fluid from tissue and prevents swelling resulting from a trauma | Mannitol |
| Octyl cyanoacrylate is also known as | Dermabond |
| Used to close the edges of the skin that are not umder pressure | Mastisol |
| Procedure to repair defects in the skull | cranioplasty |
| The facial sinus used for surgical approach to a pituitary adenoma rather than traditional craniotomy | Sphenoid bone |
| Cerebral Edema or Infection is a concern after what procedure | Craniotomy |
| Master Gland the size of a grape | Pituitary Gland |
| The removal of all or a portion of the pituitary gland. May utilize a Caldwell-Luc procedure to access the sell turcica | Transsphenoidal Hypophysectomy |
| Weak spots in the walls of arteries that over time will balloon out from the arterior wall | aneurysms |
| Patients with cerebral aneurysm generally are | asymptomatic |
| Aneurysms are typically found at points of | bifurcation |
| Once an aneurysm clip has been opened, it cannot be | closed and used again |
| Premature closure of the cranial sutures of an infant is called | Craniosynostosis |
| Cranial sutures should stay open until what age | 2 years |
| Surgery for craniosynostosis is usually done between what ages | 6 weeks & 6 months |
| Ventricular Peritoneal (VP) & Ventricular Arterial (VA) shunt is used to divert | Cerebrospinal Fluid |
| Shunts are used to divert cerebrospinal fluid to prevent | Intracranial pressure |
| The distal shunt may be placed in what cavity | peritonal |
| Stimulators that send electrical impulses to the nerves or spinal cord | Deep Brain Simulators |
| Pump therapy that is used within the subarachnoid space to reduce pain by delivering medication directly to the source of pain. | Intrathecal Pump |
| Removal of one or more cervical intervertebral discs followed by spinal fusion to restore continuity of the spine. | Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion |
| The narrowing of the spinal cord in the neck is | Cervical Stenosis |
| Autologous bone graft is usually procured from the | Iliac Crest |
| Foraminotomy is a | Opening or Passage |
| Condition of the hand in which the median nerve is compressed by transverse carpal ligament | Carpel Tunnel Syndrome |
| Procedure in which the goal is to free the ulnar nerve from the medial epicondyle groove. | Ulnar Nerve Transposition |
Created by:
kinseyj27
Popular Surgery sets