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4.01 Nature of Accou
Objective 4.01 Part 2
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| accountant | an individual who has had specialized training in accounting procedures |
| accounting | the process of keeping financial records |
| accounting cycle | a process or series of steps that business complete to maintain their financial records effectively |
| accounting standards | rules that accountants must follow when preparing financial statements |
| accounting systems | the method and procedures used in consistently handling the business's financial information |
| acquisition of funds | finance activity involving making decisions about financing |
| administration of assets | finance activity involving making decisions about a firm investment |
| accrual accounting method | method of accounting that records transactions at the time they occur even if no money changes hands at time |
| assets | anything of value that a business owns |
| balance sheet | financial statement that captures the financial condition of the business at that particular moment |
| bookkeeping | the steps of the accounting cycle that involve recording each business transaction; the process of analyzing financial transaction , journalizing transactions, posting to ledgers, and balancing the books |
| cash | currency and coins |
| cash accounting method | accounting method in which income and expenditures are recorded at the time the money changes hands |
| cash flow statement | financial summary with estimates as to when, where and how much money will flow into and out of business |
| capital investment decisions | decisions that determine which projects a business will invest in. how the investments will be financed, and whether to pay dividends to shareholders |
| credit | arrangement by which businesses or individuals can purchase now and pay later |
| expenditures | monies that a business spends, also called expenses |
| expenses | monies that a business spends, also called expenditures |
| finance | in business, the function that involves all money and money management matters |
| financial accounting | type of accounting that involves preparing and reporting financial data to external users who are not directly involved in business operations |
| financial statement | summary of accounting information |
| income | money received by a business or an individual from outside sources |
| income statement | financial summary that shows how much money the business has made or has lost; also called the profit-and-loss statement |
| investors | those who invest their funds in a business; may be owners or stockholders |
| journal | special book or computer program in which a business transactions are recorded in the order in which they occur |
| ledger | accounting record for specific department or area of the business |
| liabilities | debts that the business owes |