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SLHS 2203 Exam 3b
Articulation
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Articulatory system | Combination of parts of the digestive and respiratory systems that alter the characteristics of sound to produce speech |
| Voicing | Articulatory process during which the vocal folds vibrate |
| International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) | An internationally recognized set of symbols in which one symbol corresponds to one sound and vice versa |
| Place | The location along the vocal tract where the sound production occurs through constriction between an active and passive articulator |
| Manner | How the air flows through the vocal tract including how close the articulators get when a sound is formed |
| Voiced | Vocal folds are vibrating |
| Voiceless | Vocal folds are not vibrating |
| Bilabial | Upper and lower lips come together |
| Labiodental | The upper teeth and the lower lip come together |
| Dental/interdental | The tip of the tongue touches the upper teeth |
| Alveolar | The tip of the tongue touches the alveolar ridge |
| Velar | The back of the tongue touches the velum (soft palate) |
| Plosive (or “stop”) | Articulators form a complete closure, air flow is stopped |
| Nasal | The velum is lowered allowing air to escape through the nasal cavity |
| Fricative | Air from the lungs escapes through a narrow gap (or “approximation”) |
| Vowel Quality | The way vowels sound |
| Articulatory Phonetics | Movements and/or positions of the articulators |
| Acoustic Phonetics | Physical properties, such as frequency, intensity, and duration of the sounds |
| Hearing | Sound waves being transformed from mechanical vibrations to electrical signals that get sent to the brain |
| Speech perception | The brain interprets these sounds for us to understand language |
| Source-Filter Theory | Source of the sound (i.e., the larynx) Filters that modify the source (i.e., the shape of the vocal tract formed by articulators) |
| Speech Sound Disorders | An umbrella term referring to any difficulty or combination of difficulties with perception, motor production, or phonological representation of speech sounds |
| Hypernasality | An acoustic phenomenon that occurs when there is excessive resonance in the nasal cavity during production of vowels and vocalic consonants |
| Nasal air emission | An aerodynamic phenomenon resulting in audible or inaudible release of air from the nasal cavity during production of oral pressure consonants (i.e., the stops, fricatives, and affricates). |
| The quality of the vowel changes as the articulators move | Height of the highest part of the tongue Front/backness location of the highest part of the tongue Degree of lip rounding |
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jamiesz
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