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Phonology
Development
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is articulation? | Motor production skills involved in the production of speech sounds. Characteristics: - Phonetic errors - Difficulty w/motor production - Organic or "functional - Not stimulable? |
| What is phonology? | Rules that govern sound production Characteristics: - Phonemic errors - Errors related to INCORRECT application of rules - Patterned errors - Can produce sound, but does not do so in appropriate contexts |
| What is involved in articulation assessment? | Examine sounds that a child has difficulty producing |
| What is involved in phonological assessment? | 1. Examine production skills 2. Examines how sounds are sequenced and used contrastivly to signal difference in meaning |
| Phonetic means? | Sound |
| Phonemic means? | Meaning |
| What is the problem with the terminology of articulation and phonology? | Phonological processes are as likely to be caused by phonetic problems as phonemic problems (e.g., velar fronting may initially occur because child cannot produce /k/ and /g/ |
| Can children demonstrate a progression from a phonological to an articulation disorder? | Yes |
| Does doing articulation therapy for a phonological process do any good? | No |
| What are phonotactics? | Restrictions of a language that specify the shapes and sizes of syllables and words |
| What are phones? | Sounds |
| What are phonemes? | Sounds that carry meaning |
| What are allophones? | Speakers can impose a sound that doesn't change the meaning |
| What are features? | Characteristics that distinguish between sounds |
| What are syllables? | Sounds that convey meaning, words |
| What does a syllable consist of? | Onset + Rhyme Ball - B is onset, ALL is vowel (rhyme) |
| What happens at 4 years old in normal vocal development? | 1. Larynx descends 2. Epiglottis and velum separate 3. Tongue is more mobile 4. Teeth appear 5. There are changes in vocal behavior |
| What are the (overlapping) stages of development? | 1. Phonation (birth-1 m): Reflexive vocalizations 2. Coo and Goo (2-3 m): Back vowels and consonants 3. Vocal play (4-6 m): Squeals, growls, raspberries |
| What are the (overlapping) stages of development (continued...)? | 4. Canonical Babble (6-8 m): Alternating supra-glottal consonants/vowels, limited speech sound repertoire, stops/nasals/glides, lax vowels. Alveolars and labials, adult-like timing |
| What are the (overlapping) stages of development (continued continued....) | 5. Jargon (12 m): Co-occurs with babbling and early words, string of sounds/syllables produced in a variety of stress and inonational patterns |
Created by:
aly435
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