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Grammar
KS SB https://www.luc.edu/literacy/grammar.shtml
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| the name of a person, place, or thing | noun |
| a word used to refer to a noun, usually used to avoid repetition | pronoun |
| a pronoun used to identify or point to a noun (this, that, these, those) | demonstrative pronoun |
| a pronoun that refers to a nonspecific person or thing (all, another, any, anybody, anyone, both, each, either, everybody, everyone, everything, few, many, neither, nobody, none, no one, nothing, one, some, somebody, someone, something) | indefinite pronoun |
| a pronoun ending in -self, myself, yourself, himself, herself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves. it often names the receiver of an action | intensive or reflexive pronoun |
| a pronoun used to begin a question (who, whom, whose, which, what) | interrogative pronoun |
| pronoun used to refer to a specific person or thing (I, me, you, she, her, me, mine, your, yours, her, hers, his, its, our, ours, their, theirs) | personal pronoun |
| a pronoun used to indicate ownership (my, mine, your, yours, her, hers, his, its, our, ours, your, yours, their, theirs) | possessive pronoun |
| one of the following, when used to introduce an adjective clause (who, whom, whose, which, that) | relative pronoun |
| a word that expresses action | verb |
| a word used to modify (describe) a noun or pronoun. they usually answer one of these questions: which one, what kind of, how many or how much | adjective |
| a word used to modify a verb, an adjective, or one of itself. they usually answer the questions: when, where, how, why, under what conditions, to what degree | adverb |
| a word placed before a noun to form a phrase modifying (describing) another word in the sentence. it usually indicates the relationship between the noun and the word the phrase modifies | preposition |
| this phrase begins with a preposition which introduces a noun form | prepositional phrase |
| a joining word (can be correlative, coordinating, or subordinating) | conjunction |
| a pair of conjunctions connecting grammatically equal elements (either...or, neither...nor, whether...or, not only...but also, and both...and) | correlative conjunction |
| connects two words or parts of a sentence (and, or, but) | coordinating conjuction |
| a word that introduces a subordinate clauses and indicates its relation to the rest of the sentence | subordinating conjunction |
| an adverb used with a semicolon to connect independent clauses (consequently, furthermore, however, moreover, nevertheless, then, therefore, and thus) | conjunctive adverb |
| these words modifies a noun (a, an, the) | article |
| makes a distinction to what object the noun is referring to (the book, the tree) | definite article |
| doesn't make a distinction as to what object the noun is referring to (a car, a room) | indefinite article |
| these types of verbs always precede main verbs, modals are another, specialized form (be, am, is, are, was, were, being, been, has, have, had, do, does, did, can, will, shall, should, could, would, may, must, might) | helping verb |
| a word or word group that revives the action of the verb | direct object |
| a noun or pronoun that names to whom or for whom the actions is done | indirect object |
| a word, phrase, or clause that describes or qualifies the meaning of a word, modifiers include adjectives, adverbs, prepositional phrases, participial phrases, some infinitive phrases, and adjective and adverb clause. | modifier |
| when the verb has this voice, the subject of the sentence performs the action | active voice |
| when the verb has this voice, the subject receives the action | passive voice |
| a verb form ending in -ing and used as a noun | gerund |
| a word derived from a verb and having the qualities of both a verb and an adjective | participle |
| this participial ends in -ing (I am rushing) | present participles |
| this participial ends in -ed (I was rushed) | past participles |
| when an infinitive is split (to carefully think) | split infinitives |
| most adjectives and adverbs have these three forms (good, better, best; careful, more careful, most careful) | positive, comparative, and superlative |
| this mood of a verb is used for facts, opinions, and questions | indicative verb |
| this mood of a verb is used for orders or advice | imperative verb |
| this mood of a verb is used for wishes, conditions contrary to fact, and requests or recommendations. | subjunctive verb |
| this verb tense is used for habitual action in present, general timeless truths, and the narrative present | simple present |
| this verb tense is used for action in progress, a temporary present activity, and repeated ongoing action | present progressive |
| this verb tense is used for a definite completed action, a habitual action in the past, a situation in the past now completed | simple past |
| an action at a specific point in the past, past action simultaneous with some past event, repeated action in the on-going past | past progressive |
| action in the future time, a future habitual action or future state, a present situation that will obtain in the future with some termination in sight | simple future |
| an action that will be in progress at a specific time in the near future, duration of specific future action | future progressive |
| type of relative clause that functions as an adjective | adjective clause |
| when a sentence starts functions as a noun | noun clause |
| type of dependent clause that provides more information about a noun in the main clause | relative clause |
| group of words in a sentence that functions as an adverb | adverb clause |
| clause that contains a subject and a verb but cannot stand alone as a sentence | dependent clause |
| also known as main clause, can stand alone as a complete sentence | independent clause |
| two or more similarly important independent clauses joined by a coordinating conjunction | coordinate clause |
| sentence that makes a statement, | declarative clause |
| sentence that tells a subject to do something | imperative clause |
| this is the rest of the sentence after the subject | predicate |
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