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chapter 8 questions
Practice questions for chapter 8 of psychology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| 1. SQ3R, a study technique used in this textbook, is an acronym for __________. a. survey, question, read, retrieve, review b. survey, question, review, relearn, recognize c. simplify, query, reconstruct, reconsolidate, review d. simplify, query, re | a. survey, question, read, retrieve, review (correct answer) |
| 2. Which of the following phenomena explains how eyewitnesses reconstruct their memories after a crime or accident? a. Misinformation effect b. Repression c. Proactive interference d. Motivated forgetting | a. Misinformation effect (correct answer) |
| 3. The term _______ describes the basic defense mechanism from psychoanalytic theory that banishes anxiety-arousing thoughts, feelings, and memories from consciousness. a. reconsolidation b. déjà vu c. interference d. repression | d. repression (correct answer) |
| 4. _________ interference occurs when prior learning disrupts your recall of new information. a. Proactive b. Retroactive c. Anterograde d. Retrograde | a. Proactive (correct answer) |
| 5. The tendency to recall items that appear first on a list is called (the) ____. a. recency effect b. primacy effect c. mood congruency d. priming | b. primacy effect (correct answer) |
| 6. Researchers point to immaturity of the _______ as a possible reason for infantile amnesia. a. amygdala b. hypothalamus c. hippocampus d. basal ganglia | c. hippocampus (correct answer) |
| 7. In which region of the brain are explicit memories for facts and episodes processed and then fed to other brain regions for storage? a. Amygdala b. Frontal lobe c. Hypothalamus d. Hippocampus | d. Hippocampus (correct answer) |
| 8. What is the correct order in which information travels through the memory system? a. Long-term memory → short-term memory → sensory memory b. Short-term memory → long-term memory → sensory memory c. Sensory memory → short-term memory → long-term | c. Sensory memory → short-term memory → long-term memory (correct answer) |
| 9. Students use ______, a measure of memory, when they identify items previously learned, as on a multiple-choice test. a. recall b. recognition c. identification d. sensory memory | b. recognition (correct answer) |
| 10. Which of the following is evidence that learning does not persist? a. Recall b. Relearning c. Recognition d. Retrieval failure | d. Retrieval failure (correct answer) |
| 11. Research has shown that emotional arousal makes memories stronger and more lasting, while disrupting memory for irrelevant details. Why might this make adaptive sense? a. A vivid memory of a stressful event may help us to avoid similar future dan | a. A vivid memory of a stressful event may help us to avoid similar future dangers. (correct answer) |
| 12. Free-Response Question • According to one study, 81 percent of university students and 60 to 90 percent of therapists believe that “traumatic memories are often repressed.” But mounting evidence suggests that repression rarely, if ever, occurs. W | • Therapists unfamiliar with the research may continue using therapeutic techniques that aim to uncover repressed memories. • Clients may spend unnecessary time and money in their attempt to uncover forgotten traumas. • Repeatedly reimagining nonexis |
| 13. In one study, participants watched a film clip of a traffic accident and answered questions about what they had seen. Those asked, “About how fast were the cars going when they smashed into each other?” estimated higher speeds than those asked, “Ab | b. Independent variable: phrasing of the question (hit versus smashed); dependent variable: speed estimates (higher or lower) (correct answer) |
| 14. Free-Response Question • In one study, when shown a film clip of a traffic accident and asked about what they had seen, those asked “About how fast were the cars going when they smashed into each other?” estimated higher speeds than those asked, | • Phrasing can be subtly misleading; so, interviewers must be especially careful to ask questions neutrally. • Even a subtly misleading question can impact eyewitnesses’ beliefs about what they saw. • Exposure to misleading information can lead eyewi |
| 15. Imagine you have chosen to participate in a study that asks you to self-report on your childhood. Just before you enter the room, you receive a text from a friend canceling plans you’d been looking forward to. Knowing what you do about mood-congru | b. My mood will decrease the validity of the self-report ratings about my childhood. (correct answer) |
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akr1381
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