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physiology week 1-6

content covered in Week 1 - 6

QuestionAnswer
(6)What do membrane transporters do? Membrane transporters, called membrane pumps, are able to carry out a transport process in which cellular energy is used to move molecules “uphill” through a cell membrane
(6)What is exocytosis? Exocytosis is the process by which large molecules, notably proteins, can leave the cell even though they are too large to move out through the plasma membrane
(5)What are proteasomes? Proteasomes are protein-destroying organelles in the cell and are responsible for breaking down abnormal and misfolded proteins released from the ER, as well as destroying normal regulatory proteins in the cytoplasm that are no longer needed
(5)What are 2 main types of endoplasmic reticulum? Rough ER (RER) and smooth ER (SER)
(4)What are the levels of protein structure? Primary (first level), secondary (second level) , tertiary (third level) , and quaternary (fourth level)
(4)What are 3 classes of carbohydrates? Monosaccharides (simple sugars), disaccharides (double sugars), and polysaccharides (complex sugars)
(3)What are 3 basic types of chemical reactions? Synthesis reactions, decomposition reactions, and exchange reactions
(3)What are ionic bonds? A chemical bond formed by the transfer of electrons from one atom to another is called an ionic, or electrovalent, bond.
(2)What is homeostasis? Homeostasis is the relative constancy of the body’s internal fluid environment
(2)What are the 4 basic components in every feedback control loop? Sensor mechanism, integrator or control center, effector mechanism, and feedback
(1)What are the 5 levels of body structure? Organelle, cellular, tissue, organ, and system
(1)What are the 10 characteristics of human life? Responsiveness, conductivity, growth, respiration, digestion, absorption, secretion, excretion, circulation, and reproduction
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