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pediatric trauma
ch. 29 alexanders
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Whats a Nissen? | the fundus (upper part) of the stomach is wrapped around LES (lower esophagus) |
What is a central venous cath? | cath placed into a large vein in the neck, chest or groin (internal jug, femoral, and subclavian) |
what is pyloromyotomy? | congenital narrowing of the pylorus. |
what is a colostomy? | surgical construction of an artificial excretory opening from the colon. |
what is circumsicion? | excision of the foreskin (prepuce) of the glans penis. |
what is an orchiopexy? | surgical placement and fixation of the testicles in a normal anatomic position in the scrotal sac. |
what is myringotomy? | incision of tempanic membrane to treat otitis media. |
what is a hernia? | protusion of an organ or tissue out of the body cavity in which it normally lies. |
reducible hernia | hernial contents may be returned to their normal site. |
irriducible/incarcerated hernia | contents cannot be reduced to their normal site |
strangulated hernia | incarcerated hernia resulting in interrupted blood supply, ischemia. |
complete hernia | hernia sac and contents protrude all the way through the defect |
incomplete hernia | hernial contents do not pretrude completely |
intestinal obstruction | usually poop, may be calssified as atersia (lack of lumen) or stenosis (narrowing) |
Teratoma | may be malignant or bening tumors (cyst) |
hydrocelectomy | abnormal accumaltion of fluid within the scrotum, excision of excess tunica vaginalis (scrotum) of the testis to remove fluid filled sac. |
T&A | tonsillectomy and adnoidectomy. |
aside from antibiotic solution, what are shunts soaked in prior to surgery? | saline |
surgical approach for inserting a ventricular shunt can be done in three ways... | frontal, parietal, and accipital |
incisions for colostomys | URQ for transverse, and Lower left for sigmoid |
increased risks for CHD | rubella during 1st 8 wks of gestation, children born with fetal alcohol syndrome, born of insulin dependent mothers, with certain chromosomal defects, positive family history |
steps for placing a VP shunt | goes into port into a vessel neck, chest, and groin into heart or abdomen. |
routes of administering anesthesia | inhalation and some oral medications... MASK, LMA, ENDOTRACHEAL |
pyloric stenosis | narrowing of the pylorus |
approaches of nissen | laparoscopically, or open |
what is VSD | ventricular septal defect; opening in the wall (septum) of the lower heart chambers |
what is ASD | named depending on location: ostium secundum, ostium primum,and astium venous. congenital defects in the atrial septum |
patent ductus arteriosus | blood vessel in a fetus that connects the pulmonary artery, which carries blood to the lungs and the aorta, which carries blood to the body, so that blood flow bypasses the lungs. |
what is acyanotic (not blue) | Congenital heart defects that dont normally interfere with the amount of oxygen or blood that reaches the tissues of the body |
what is cyanotic (blue) | occur when oxygenated and unoxygenated blood mix or when narrowed blood vessels or heart valves cause sluggish blood flow to the body or lungs, , less oxygen-rich blood reaches the tissues of the body. |
types of acyanotic defects... | Ventricular septal defect,Atrial septal defect,Patent ductus arteriosus,Pulmonary valve stenosis, Aortic valve stenosis,Coarctation of the aorta |
what is transposition of the great vessel (blue baby syndrome) | great vessels are switched |
what does Tetrology of Fallot consist of? | VSD, pulmonary stenosis, overriding aorta, thickened right lower chamber of the heart. |