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Composites
Based on advanced composites book.
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is a composite structure? | Two or more materials combined to form a structure stronger than the individual components. |
| What is the total area of fiber glass used on a boeing 747 | 10,000ft2 |
| What is FRP? | Fiber reinforced plastics. |
| What allowed the proliferation of modern advanced composites? | Advancements in chemical bonding formulas. |
| What three aspects concerning fabric patches are extremely important for distributing the stresses imposed on a repair? | Fabric type, weave, positioning. |
| What are the advantages of using composites over metal? | High strength to weight ratio, easily contoured, reduced number of parts and fasteners, resists vibration and fatigue, corrosion resistant. |
| What does the strength of composite structure depend upon? | Types of fibers used, bonding materials used, How it's engineered. |
| What is Nomex? | Light weight strong flexible honeycomb. |
| What are the common types of reinforcing fibers? | Fiberglass, Aramid, Carbon/Graphite, Ceramic, Boron. |
| What is fiberglass made from? | Small strands of molten silica. |
| What are common types of fiberglass? | E-glass, S-glass, C-glass. |
| Something that bonds two materials together? | A matrix. |
| What material has high tensile strength and flexibility properties? | Aramid (kevlar). |
| Aircraft grade Kevlar? | Kevlar 49. |
| What are the disadvantages associated with Aramid? | Difficult to cut and drill, Can wick liquids, Affected by moisture (delamination), Does not have high compression strength. |
| What are the characteristics of carbon? | Electrically conductive, low thermal coefficient of expansion, High fatigue resistance. |
| The characteristics of this material are high compressional strength and stiffness? | Carbon/Graphite? |
| What are the disadvantages of carbon fiber? | Corrosive on contact with aluminum. |
| How is Boron fiber made? | Depositing element Boron onto a filament of Tungsten. |
| What material is best suited to high heat applications? | Ceramic. |
| How does resin effect the tensile strength of fabric? | Tensile strength decreases as resin makes a composite more brittle. |
| Describe fiber science? | The selective placement of fibers to obtain the most strength in various applications. |
| The strength of the fibers are ___________ to the direction the threads run? | Parallel. |
| What is warp? | Threads that run the length of the fabric designated 0 degree direction? |
| How is the warp identified? | Marked with a thread. |
| Thread that runs 90 degrees to the warp that interweaves with the warp? | Fill. |
| What is the selvage edge. | Tightly woven edge of the fabric parallel to the warp that prevents unravelling. |
| Why is bias important in composites? | Allows the fabric to be stretched around contours. |
| If aramid weighs 1575de how much does it weigh? | 9000 meters weighs 1575 grams. |
| With regard to carbon fiber, what does 4.5K tow mean? | 4500 filaments make up the tow. |
| A fiber that runs in two or more directions? | Bidirectional, multi directional. |
| Name different types of weave patterns? | Plain weave, Crows foot, 3,5 or 8 harness satin, Basket. |
| What weave would be desired for repairs? | Satin. |
| What is a satin weave? | Satin weaves float warp yarns exposing more warp threads. |
| What is mat fabric? | Chopped fibers compressed together. |
| Fabric styles are characterized by the ___________,_________,__________,___________ and ____________. | yarn construction, count, weight, thickness, weave. |
| How are fabrics weight measured? | Oz per yard. |
| A fabric constructed of two or more different materials? | Hybrids. |
| What are the different types of hybrids? | Intraply, interply, selective placement. |
| Describe a matrix. | A bonding material made of resin and hardener that joins 2 or more materials together surrounding the fibers and strengthening. |
| How is epoxy resin different from polyester resin? | Epoxy resin is thermosetting, Polyester is a thermoplastic resin. |
| What is the limitation with using thermoplastics for structural components? | Cannot be used in areas where temperature exceeds 750 degrees F. |
| How are thermoplastics and thermosetting plastics different? | Thermoplastics can be softened with heat, Thermosetting is set after initial heating and cannot be reheated. |
| What are the most commonly used matrix systems? | Epoxy resins. |
| Epoxy resins are ___________, have good ____________ with multiple products, are resistant to ________________, easily _________ at room temperatures and _____________ stable. | Flexible, adhesion, deterioration, cured, dimensionally. |
| What is the most important rule to follow with epoxy resins? | Use exact resin and catalyst specified in the SRM. |
| This product will increase flexibility but decrease tensile strength? | Flexibilizers. |
| Describe crosslinking? | The three dimensional linking of molecules resulting in an continuous interlinked plastic. |
| Where are polybutadiene resins commonly found? | Prepreg material and wet play up operations. |
| Define pot life? | The time from when the resin and catalyst is mixed to when it starts to set. |
| What is the workable time of a resin? | Pot life. |
| The life of an un opened container in storage is called? | Shelf life. |
| What are the effects of adding to much matrix to a composite? | Makes the part overweight and brittle. |
| What is the result of starving the composite of matrix? | A weak part due to stresses that cannot be transfered to the fibers. |
| What is the proper ratio of fiber to matrix? | 60:40 |
| How are pre preg materials made? | Resin system is already impregnated into fabric. |
| What is the significance of the diamond shaped backing on prepreg material? | Its longer in one direction that indicates the warp direction. |
| A resin used for bonding? | Adhesive. |
| Name some different types of fillers used in composite repairs? | Micro balloons, Chopped filler, Flox. |
| Whats the difference between chopped fiber and flox? | Choppped fiber is cut to size, flox is separated from strands. |
| Describe a metal matrix? | Chopped fibers added to molten aluminum, titanium or steel. |
| What is a thixotropic agent? | Added to resins to control viscosity and weight, increases pot life and volume. |
| What would you use to splice honeycomb core repairs or bond fasteners? | Foaming adhesives. |
| Material used in electrical applications with high resistance to current flow? | E-glass. |
| Type of fiber glass used in identified as structural fiberglass? | S-glass. |
| What are some advantages of fiber glass? | Lower cost, Corrosion resistant, does not conduct electricity. |
| Disadvantages of fiberglass? | Heavier than carbon fiber, usually restricted to use on secondary structures. |
| What type of composite material is most desirable for primary aircraft structures? | Carbon fiber. |
| Three types of resins? | Vinyl ester, Phenol formaldehyde, Epoxy. |
| What is the importance of fabric weaves? | They provide specific structural properties to be considered for manufacturing and repair application. |
| What is a plain weave? | Simple patter where warp and fill interlink. |
| What is a basket weave? | Plain weave but with multiple yarns and thicker strands. |
| Describe an Intraply hybrid | One piece of fabric woven with two different materials. |
| Describe an interply? | A laminate of multiple sheets of fabric made of different material. |
| List some aircraft parts made from composites? | Wing tips, flight controls, radomes, nose cone, overhead bins, wings, epinagge. |
| List some advantages of pre preg? | Quicker lay up, less mess, removes human error, stronger overall part. |
| List some disadvantages of pre preg? | Short shelf life, kept in freezer, expensive, have to purchase large quantities. |
Created by:
g153511
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