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SLHS 2203 Exam 2a
Respiration
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Nasal cavity | Filters, moistens, & warms air |
| Pharynx | Passageway for food & air |
| Larynx | Contains the vocal folds, which open for breathing |
| Trachea | Connects larynx to bronchial tree Cartilage rings prevent it from collapsing |
| Lungs | Spongy tissue w/ alveoli & blood capillaries Expand/collapse to allow for breathing |
| Bronchi | Carry air to bronchioles |
| Bronchioles | Carry air to alveolar sacs |
| Alveolar sacs | Contain alveoli & blood capillaries which exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide |
| Intercostals | Connect each rib to those above/below |
| Outer intercostals | Lift/expand rib cage allowing for inhalation |
| Inner/Innermost intercostals | Pull down rib cage & push air out of lungs |
| Diaphragm | Separates thoracic & abdominal cavities Contracts/relaxes changing the volume of the lungs |
| Boyle's Law | Pressure is inversely proportional to volume |
| Charles' Law | Hot air expands which increases the pressure (air taken into lungs heats up) |
| Elasticity | Ability of the lungs & rib cage to spring back to the original dimensions |
| Compliance | The ease w/ which the lungs expand (should be high) |
| Resistance to airflow | Constriction within the lung tissues & airways (should be low) |
| Spirometry | Test of pulmonary function that measures air volume & breathing speed |
| Tidal Volume (TV) | Amount of air inhaled/exhaled during normal quiet breathing w/ minimum effort |
| Inspiratory reserve volume (IRV) | Amount of air that can be inhaled w/ maximum effort |
| Expiratory reserve volume (ERV) | Amount of air that can be exhaled w/ maximum effort |
| Residual volume (RV) | Amount of air remaining in lungs after a maximum exhalation |
| Inspiratory capacity (IC) | Maximum amount of air that can be inhaled after quiet exhalation (TV+IRV) |
| Functional residual capacity (FRC) | Amount of air remaining in lungs after quiet exhalation (ERV+RV) |
| Vital capacity (VC) | Amount of air that can be exhaled w/ maximum effort after a maximum inhalation Deepest breath lungs can handle (ERV+TV+IRV) |
| Total lung capacity (TLC) | Amount of air that can be exhaled w/ maximum effort after a maximum inhalation, including residual (ERV+TV+IRV+RV) |
| Tracheostomy | Surgically created hole in trachea that provides an alternative airway Tube inserted through hole & secured with a strap around neck May affect swallowing & phonation |
Created by:
jamiesz
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