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NETW206 Ch 03
VLANs
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Allowed VLANs | Each VLAN trunk supports a set of allowed VLANs. Data associated with these VLANs is transmitted over the respective trunk link; remaining data is not transmitted over the link. |
| Black Hole VLAN | A dummy VLAN distinct from other VLANs. All unused ports are assigned to the black hole VLAN so that any device connecting to an unused switch port will be assigned to the black hold VLAN. Prevents communication beyond the switch. |
| Canonical Format Identifier (CFI) | A single bit flag value in the IEEE 802.1Q header. The CFI bit set indicates that all MAC address information present in the MAC address data carried by the frame is canonical format. |
| Data VLAN | A VLAN that is configured to carry only user-generated traffic. In particular, a data VLAN does not carry voice-based traffic or traffic used to manage a switch. |
| Default VLAN | The VLAN that all ports on a switch are members of when a switch is reset to factory defaults. All switch ports are members of the default VLAN are the initial boot of the switch. On a Catalyst switch, VLAN 1 is the default VLAN. |
| Dynamic Auto | A DTP setting whereby the local switch port advertises to the remote switch port that it is able to trunk but does not request to go to the trunking state. |
| Dynamic Desirable | DTP setting where the local switch port advertises to the remote switch port that it is able to trunk and asks the remote switch port to go to the trunking state. |
| Dynamic Trunking Protocol (DTP) | A Cisco proprietary protocol that negotiates both the status and encapsulation of trunk ports. |
| Dynamic VLAN | VLAN port membership modes are either static or dynamic. Dynamic VLANs are not widely used in production networks. Dynamic port VLAN membership is configured by using a special server called a VLAN Membership Policy Server (VMPS) |
| Flash | Technology developed by Intel and licensed to other semiconductor companies. Flash memory is nonvolitile storage that can be electrically erased and reprogrammed. Flash allows software images to be stored, booted, and rewritten as necessary. |
| IEEE 802.1p | A standard that provides traffic class expediting. It provides a mechanism for implementing QoS at the MAC sublayer. 8 classes of service are available, expressed through the 3-bit user priority field in the IEEE 802.1Q header. |
| IEEE 802.1Q | A project in the IEEE 802 standards process to develop a mechanism to allow multiple bridged networks to transparently share the same physical network link without leaking information between networks. |
| Inter-Switch Link (ISL) | A Cisco proprietary protocol that maintains VLAN information as traffic flows between switches and routers, or switches and switches. ISL is used by trunk ports to encapsulate Ethernet frames between network devices. |
| Management VLAN | A VLAN defined by the switch administrator as a means of accessing the management capabilities of a switch. On a Catalyst switch, VLAN 1 would serve as the management VLAN is you did not define a unique VLAN. |
| Native VLAN | Is assigned to an IEEE 802.1Q trunk port, which supports tagged and untagged traffic coming from many VLANs. The 802.1Q trunk port places untagged traffic on the native VLAN. |
| Nonegotiate | The nonegotiate trunking option sets the local port to be in an unconditional trunking state with DTP disabled. Use this feature when you need to configure a trunk with a switch from another switch vendor. |
| Signaling Traffic | IP telephony traffic responsible for call setup, progress, and tear down, traversing the network end-to-end. |
| Static VLAN | One in which ports on the switch are manually assigned. A convenient feature of the Catalyst CLI is that if you assign an interface to a VLAN that does not exist, the new VLAN is created for you. |
| Switch Virtual Interface (SVI) | A Layer 3 logical interface associated with a specific VLAN. You need to configure an SVI for a VLAN if you want to route between VLANs or to provide IP host connectivity to the switch. |
| Trunking Modes | Catalyst switches support a variety of trunking modes used by DTP to negotiate the status of a trunk port. The options are desirable, auto, on, and nonegotiate. |
| Untagged Frames | A normal Ethernet frame in a switched LAN. There is no IEEE 802.1Q tag associated with an untagged frame. |
| VLAN ID (VID) | The parameter in the IEEE 802.1Q tag that indicates the VLAN the frame is associated with. A Catalyst 2960 switch supports up to 4096 VLAN IDs. |
| VLAN Trunk | An Ethernet PTP link between an Ethernet switch interface and an Ethernet interface on another device, such as a router or switch, carrying the traffic of multiple VLANs over a singular link. |
| VLAN Trunking Protocol (VTP) | Cisco proprietary Layer 2 protocol that enables a network admin to configure a single switch so that it propagates VLAN configuration information to other switches on the network, as well as syncronizes the information with the switches inthe VTP domain. |
| vlan.dat | Catalyst switch VLAN configuration information is stored within a VLAN database file, called vlan.dat. The vlan.dat file is located in the Flash memory of the switch. |
| Voice VLAN | Catalyst switch VLANs with an accompanying CLI command set. Voice VLANs are designed for and dedicated to the transmission of voice traffic involving Cisco IP phones or Cisco softphones. QoS configs are applied to Voice VLANs to prioritize traffic. |
| Switch S1 and Switch S2 are both configured with ports in the Marketing, Sales, Production, and Admin VLANs. Each VLAN contains 12 users. How many subnets are needed to address the VLANs? 1, 2, 4, 8, 12, or 24 | 4 VLANS, so 4 subnets. |
| What mechanism is used to achieve the separation between different VLANs as they cross a trunk link? | VLAN tagging using 802.1Q protocol. |
| What are two options to consider when configuring a trunk link between two switches? | Port security can't be configured on the trunk interfaces. The native VLAN must be the same on both ends of the trunk. |
| A 12port switch is config'd to support 3 VLANs named Sales, Marketing, & Finance. Each VLAN spans four ports on the switch. The net admin has del'd the Marketing VLAN from the switch. List two statements about the status of ports associated with this VLAN | The ports are inactive and the ports will remain part of the Marketing VLAN until reassigned to another VLAN. |
| Give 3 statements that are true about hosts configured in the same VLAN | Hosts in the same VLAN must be on the same IP subnet. Hosts in the same VLAN share the same broadcast domain. Hosts in the same VLAN comply with the same security policy. |
| Static VLAN or Dynamic VLAN - Each port associated with a specific VLAN. | Static |
| Static VLAN or Dynamic VLAN - Manual configuration of port assignment required. | Static |
| Static VLAN or Dynamic VLAN - Ports work out their own configuration. | Dynamic |
| Static VLAN or Dynamic VLAN - Less administrative overhead when users moved. | Dynamic |
| Static VLAN or Dynamic VLAN - Requires administrator interaction when users moved. | Static |
| Static VLAN or Dynamic VLAN - Configured base on database. | Dynamic |
| Normal Range VLAN, Extended Range VLAN, or VLAN 1 - 1-1001 | Normal |
| Normal Range VLAN, Extended Range VLAN, or VLAN 1 - 1006-4094 | Extended |
| Normal Range VLAN, Extended Range VLAN, or VLAN 1 - Not learned by VTP | Extended |
| Normal Range VLAN, Extended Range VLAN, or VLAN 1 - Stored in vlan.dat | Normal |
| Normal Range VLAN, Extended Range VLAN, or VLAN 1 - Default management VLAN | VLAN 1 |
| Normal Range VLAN, Extended Range VLAN, or VLAN 1 - Default native VLAN | VLAN 1 |
| Normal Range VLAN, Extended Range VLAN, or VLAN 1 - All ports are a member of by default | VLAN 1 |
| show vlan id vlan-id - does what? | Displays information about a specific VLAN. |
| show vlan - does what? | Displays detailed information about all VLANs on the switch. |
| show interface f0/1 switchport - does what? | Displays information about a specific port. |
| switchport mode trunk - does what? | Configures the port as a permanent 802.1Q trunk. |
| switchport mode dynamic desirable - does what? | Configures the port to negotiate a trunk. |
| switchport nonegotiate - does what? | Configures the trunk to not send DTP packets. |
| switchport mode access - does what? | Disables trunk mode. |
| Explain - Native VLAN mismatch | The VLAN configured for untagged frames is not the same on two switches connected by a trunk. |
| Explain - Trunk mode mismatch | Both switches are configured to dynamic auto and will not negotiate a link. |
| Explain - Incorrect VLAN list | Not all the VLANs needed are allowed to traverse a trunk. |
| Explain - VLAN subnet conflict | Two VLANs are sharing the same address space. |
| Explain - Static VLAN port membership | Port on a switch that maintains its assigned VLAN config until it is changed manually. |
| Explain - Dynamic VLAN port membership | Port on a switch using VMPS and associating a port to a VLAN based on the source MAC address. |
| Explain - Voice VLAN port membership | Access port attached to a PC,configured to use one VLAN for voice traffic and another VLAN for data traffic. |
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AZ4ME
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