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OP Cabin Atmosphere
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Is there any special requirement as to the type of oxygen used in an aircraft system, and if so, what is it? | Only aviators breathing oxygen should be used. |
| Describe the operating principle of a continuous- flow oxygen system. | High pressure oxygen flows from the storage cylinder to a pressure regulator where its pressure is reduced and then to the calibrated orifice that controls amount of oxygen to the mask outlets whenever the system is turned on. |
| Describe the principle of a pressure demand oxygen system? | Allows oxygen to flow from the cylinder to the regulator and then to the mask only when the user inhales. Provides oxygen to the mask at higher than atmospheric pressure when used at extremely high altitudes, forcing oxygen into the lungs. |
| What should be used to purge an oxygen system of moisture? | Oxygen, dry air, dry nitrogen? |
| What action must be taken when an oxygen system has been open to the atmosphere? | Must be purged of any moisture. |
| Describe the safety precautions that should be observed when servicing oxygen systems. | Avoid all contact with petroleum based oil or grease, dont smoke, keep everything clear and clean, service systems outdoors, cap bottles and protect valves. |
| What is a roots blower? | A type of engine driven compressor? |
| Name two types of independent cabin air compressors? | Positive displacement and centrifugal? |
| What is the source of pressurization air in most jet aircraft? | Engine bleed air. |
| What device provides the principal means of controlling cabin air pressure? | The outflow valve. |
| What unit regulates the position of the outflow valve? | The cabin pressure controller. |
| Name several methods on reciprocating engine aircraft for providing heated cabin air? | Exhaust shroud heat exchangers, combustion heaters, electric heaters. |
| What is the function of the ventilating air in a combustion heater? | Ventilating air transports heat from the heater to the cabin and prevents combustion gases from entering the cabin it the combustion chamber cracks. |
| What are the sources of ventilating air in a combustion heater? | Ram air in flight, Blower on the ground, Compressor if a pressurized aircraft. |
| Name the basic components of an air cycle system? | Compressor and expansion turbine, heat exchangers, various valves. |
| Describe the basic operating principle that allow an air cycle machine system to produce cool air. | Engine bleed air, cooled in primary heat exchanger, compressed, cooled again in secondary heat exchanger, air is expanded in the expansion turbine where the energy is extracted and pressure reduced. This creates a large temperature drop. |
| Describe the basic operating principles of a water separator? | Cool moist air is swirled so droplets are separated by centrifugal force and captured by a coalescer sock and drained. |
| Name the principal components of a vapor cycle system. | Compressor Condenser Expansion Valve Evaporator. |
| In what significant way is a vapor cycle cooling system different from an air cycle system? | A vapor cycle system uses a refrigerant usually FREON. |
| Why is oil added to the refrigerant in vapor cycle air conditioning system? | To lubricate the compressor. |
| What is the purpose of the negative pressure relief valve in the pressurization system? | Prevents accidently obtaining a cabin altitude higher than the actual altitude of the aircraft. |
| What limits the degree of cabin pressurization? | The structural design features of the structure and capacity of the superchargers to provide a constant volume of airflow to the fuselage. |
| Where does the fuel for the combustion heater come from? | The aircraft fuel tanks. |
| What controls the temperature inside the cabin of an aircraft that uses a combustion heater? | A thermostat. |
| How do you determine the freon level in a vapor cooling system? | Operate the system for 5 minutes then check the flow of freon in the sight glass. Steady flow is sufficient bubbles means low level. |
| What must be done if an oxygen system is depleted and not re charged within 2 hours? | Must be purged |
| What is the main chemical agent inside an oxygen generator? | Sodium chloride is ignited by a spark emitting cap, burns and creates o2. Light weight and low maintenace. |
| Where does the pressurizing air come from on most of the smaller reciprocating-engine-powered aircraft? | From the engine turbocharger. |
| How is cabin pressure controlled in a pressurized aircraft? | More pressure than is needed is pumped into the aircraft cabin, and the pressure controller modulates the outflow valve to maintain the correct pressure in the cabin. |
| What is meant by the isobaric mode of cabin pressurization? | The isobaric mode of cabin pressurization is the mode that keeps the cabin altitude constant as the aircraft changes its flight altitude. |
| What is meant by the constant differential mode of cabin pressurization? | After the aircraft cabin reaches the maximum pressure value that structural considerations allow, constant differential mode of operation is the mode that holds the pressure inside the cabin a constant amount above the outside air pressure. |
| What is the function of the cabin pressure safety valve on a pressurized aircraft? | The cabin pressure safety valve prevents cabin pressure from exceeding the maximum allowable differential pressure. |
| What keeps the cabin of a pressurized aircraft from being pressurized when the aircraft is on the ground? | A squat switch on the landing gear holds the safety valve open when the aircraft is on the ground. |
| Where does the warm air come from that is used to heat the cabin of a large jet transport aircraft? | Warm engine compressor bleed air is used. |
| How is the heat removed from an aircraft cabin with a vapor-cycle air conditioning system? | The cabin heat is absorbed by the refrigerant in the evaporator, and it is carried outside the aircraft where it is given up to the outside air in the condenser. |
| What produces the cool air in a vapor-cycle air conditioning system? | Warm cabin air is blown across the evaporator where its heat is transferred into the refrigerant. The air that leaves the evaporator is cool. |
| Why must air cycle air conditioning systems incorporate a water separator? | The rapid cooling of the air in the expansion turbine causes moisture to condense in the form of fog. This moisture is trapped in the moisture separator before the air is released into the cabin |
| What is used as the refrigerant in a vapor-cycle air conditioning system? | Freon known as Refrigerant 12, or R-134a. |
| What are three ways supplemental oxygen can be carried in an aircraft? | high-pressure gas, liquid form, and solid in the form of a chemical candle. |
| What is used to check an oxygen system for leaks? | A special leak detector liquid that is a form of non-oily soap. |
| What identification must be stamped on an oxygen bottle that is carried in an aircraft? | The identification DOT 3AA or DOT 3HT, the date of manufacture, and the date of all of the hydrostatic tests. |
Created by:
g153511
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