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| Term | |
|---|---|
| Caravel | Portuguese/Spanish ships used for long voyages. Used 15 to 17 century |
| Lateen Sail | triangular sails that could easily catch wind coming from many directions allowing ship to travel in different directions |
| Astrolabe | used by sailors to determine their distance north or south of the equator improved by Muslims |
| Maize | type of corn, Incas developed a terrace system to grow it |
| Trans Atlantic Slave Trade | Europeans enslaved African men woman and children and took them to the Americas |
| Chattel slavery | individuals were property to be bought and sold |
| Encomienda | coercive labor system used on indigenous people convinced to work for food and shelter |
| Indentured servitude | servants worked for a certain number of years in exchange for passage |
| Conquistadors | Samish conquerors |
| Hacienda | land given to conquistadors for their efforts, sugar plantations |
| Mita | forced labor system used on indigenous people by the Spanish |
| Queen Nzinga | ruler of Ndonga became an ally of Portugal |
| Nat Turners Rebellion | led a rebellion of enslaved people on August 21 1831. Led to harsher slavery legislation |
| Mercantilism | trade= Wealth and maximize exports and minimize imports |
| Joint stock Companies | Business owned by shareholders where they can sell or buy shares from each other |
| Peninsulares | top of the caste system; people born on the Iberian peninsula |
| crillos creoles | middle of caste system; people of European ancestry born in the Americas |
| Mestizos | people of mixed European and indigenous ancestry |
| Mulatos | people of mixed European and African ancestry |
| Saint lazurus | person who Jesus raised from the dead after 4 days in the tomb |