Question
microscope.
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Question
magnify objects we are not able to see
through our naked eye
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BIO 1
Lesson 1: Microscope
Question | Answer |
---|---|
is the use of or investigation with a microscope. | the microscope uses glass lenses to magnify objects we are not able to see through our naked eye |
the microscope uses glass lenses to magnify objects we are not able to see through our naked eye | the microscope uses glass lenses to magnify objects we are not able to see through our naked eye |
an optical instrument used for viewing very small objects, such as mineral samples or animal or plant cells , typically magnified several hundred times | MICROSCOPE |
TWO TYPES OF MICROSCOPE | Simple Microscope and Compound Microscope |
s nothing but a single biconvex lens. It referred to as a MAGNIFYING GLASS. | SIMPLE MICROSCOPE |
the object to be viewed in ____ microscope is placed between the optic center and the focus. | simple |
type of microscope where image formed is erect, virtual and magnified. | simple microscope |
placed multiple lenses and found out that the objects through the tube appear greatly enlarged | 1590- Hans Janssen and his son Zacharias Janssen, |
invented a compound microscope using convex and concave lenses. | 1609- Galileo Galilei |
- the first term microscope was used by _____ to refer to the compound microscope of Galilei. | 1625-Giovanni Faber |
an English physicist, coined the term cell in his publication Micrographia. | 1665- Robert Hooke |
What is Robert Hooke's publication name | Micrographia |
He was the first to see a plant cell under a single microscope. | 1665- Robert Hooke |
the English Father of Microscopy | 1665- Robert Hooke |
Was the first to see living cells using his own single lens microscope. He examined blood cells, yeast and insects. | 1676- Antonie van Leeuwenhoek |
educed spherical aberrations by using several weak lenses together at certain distances to get a good magnification without blurring. | 1830- Joseph Lister |
introduced a mathematical formula that correlates resolving the power to the wavelength of light. It made the calculation of the theoretical maximum resolution of a microscope possible | 1874- Ernst Abbe |
designed and built the first transmission electron microscope . The electron microscope does not depend on light but on electrons . It can visualize objects such as small as the diameter of an atom. | 1931-Ernst Ruska and Max Knoll |
invented the first contrast illumination which allows imaging of transparent samples . Objects can be seen without staining | 1932- Frits Zernike |
invented the first scanning electron microscope . It transmits a beam of electrons across the surface of the specimen. | 1942- Ernst Ruska |
introduced the principle of confocal imaging which gives a resolution that is higher than that of conventional light. | 1957-Marvin Minsky |
developed the Computerized Axial Tomography (CAT) scanner. It can generate cross sectional views and three dimensional images of internal organs and structures. | 1972- Godfrey Hounsfield and Allan Cornack |
developed the first practical confocal laser scanning microscope. This instrument focus laser beams to scan objects. | 1978- Thomas and Christoph Cremer |
invented the scanning tunnelling microscope {STM} . It can visualize individual atoms within materials. | 1981- Gerd Binnig and Heinrich Rohrer i |
for his contribution to the study of microscopy. | 1986- Ernst Ruska won the Nobel Prize |
A nobel prize was also awarded to | Gerd Binnig and Heinrich Rohrer. |
cloned the green fluorescent protein that he used in fluorescent microscopy | 1992- Douglas Prasher |
pioneered the first super resolution microscopy | 1993-1996- Stefan Hall |
used a cryoelectron microscope to see the atoms of the virus. | 2010- Researchers at the University of California, Los Angeles |
got the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for the super microscope they invented. It can see smaller than 0.2 um. | 2014- Eric Betzig, Stefan Hell and William Moerner |
it magnifies ten times and it is marked as 10x | Low power lens |
can magnify forty times in a common compound microscope. | Highest power lens |
the ability of the microscope to show the details of an object being examined. | Resolution- |
refers to the darkness of the background with reference to the specimen | Contrast |
Parts of the microscope that are involved in giving support or strength to the instrument. These are also the parts that are movable and can be adjusted. | MECHANICAL PARTS |
a hollow tube through which light passes from the objective to the eyepiece. | BODY TUBE |
holds the objectives. It can be rotated to select the appropriate objectives. The lenses must be “ clicked” into place to successfully view a specimen. | REVOLVING NOSEPIECE |
connects the base and the body tube together. It serves as a handle for carrying the microscope. | ARM |
- the platform where the slide or specimen to be examined is placed. It has an opening at the center that allows light to pass from the below the specimen. | STAGE |
holds the slide in place | STAGE CLIP |
- the part where the microscope is firmly anchored. It gives support to the whole microscope and is the part where the illuminators are attached. | BASE |
- a joint found in microscopes at which the arm is attached to the pillar of the microscope . It is used for tilting the microscope. | INCLINATION JOINT |
parts of the microscope that provide and capture light illumination | ILLUMINATING PARTS |
reflects light from the surroundings to the specimen on the stage. | MIRROR |
– is used for natural light | CONCAVE MIRROR |
- used for artificial light | FLAT SIDE/ PLANAR |
It is planar on one side and concave on the other | MIRROR |
concentrates the light from the light source or the mirror onto the object of specimen being studied. It is located below the stage , and it is held in place by a rack. | CONDENSER |
regulates the amount of light that reaches the specimen . It is attached beneath the condenser. | IRIS DIAPHRAGM |
parts of the microscope that are involved in magnifying the image of the specimens , including the resolution. | MAGNIFYING PARTS |
the part through which an observer looks to view a specimen. It usually has a magnification of 10x, though eyepieces with 5x to 30x magnification are also available. | EYEPIECE OR OCULAR |
– the main lenses that magnify the specimen being observed . Usually microscopes have three objectives but modern ones house four or even five objectives .Typical objectives have magnifying powers of 4x, 10x, 40x, and even 100x. | OBJECTIVES |
The part of the microscope that you look through contains a lens that has a magnification power of 10x. | EYEPIECE |
It is called the eyepiece but also called | ocular |
Supports the upper portion of the microscope | ARM |
It is used to carry the microscope | ARM |
Hold or secure the slide in place on a stage | STAGE CLIPS |
The large knob that will focus the image when you are using the low power | COARSE ADJUSTMENT KNOB |
It is used when the image is blurry and you wanted to focus the specimen. | COARSE ADJUSTMENT KNOB |
The small knob that will focus the image when you are using the high power | FINE ADJUSTMENT KNOB |
Used to carry the microscope | BASE |
Supports the entire microscope | BASE |
Holds two or more objectives and can be rotated to easily change power | REVOLVING NOSEPIECE |
They consist of 4x, 10x, 40x eyepiece lens. | OBJECTIVE LENSES |
To focus the light onto the specimen | CONDENSER |
Ensures optimal lightning | CONDENSER |
Adjust the amount of light reaching the specimen. | IRIS DIAPHRAGM/ DIAPHRAGM |
Found under the stage. | IRIS DIAPHRAGM/ DIAPHRAGM |
This is a long tube | BODY TUBE |
The eyepiece holder | EYEPIECE TUBE |
High magnification about 40x or 100x | HIGH POWER OBJECTIVE LENS (HPO) |
Low magnification about 4x | LOW POWER OBJECTIVES (LPO) |
observe cells in cork .Coined the term cells | 1665 ROBERT HOOKE |
created a powerful microscope | Anton van Leeuwenhoek |
noticed that pollen grains in water jiggled around called “ Brownian motion” | 1827-33 ROBERT BROWN |
- discovered nucleus | 1827-33 ROBERT BROWN |
a botanist who concluded that all plants are made of cells. | 1838- MATTHIAS SCHLEIDEN |
- a zoologist who concluded that all animals are made of cells. | 1839 THEODOR SCHWANN |
- a physician who did a research on cancer cells and concluded “Omnis cellula e cellula“ All cells are from pre-existing cells. | 1855 RUDOLph VIRCHOW |
Omnis cellula e cellula what does it mean | All cells are from pre-existing cells. |
All cells are from pre-existing cells. what was this translated from? | Omnis cellula e cellula |
Cell Theory was formally established by | Theodor Schwann and Matthias Schleiden in 1839 |
The most basic tenet underlying the field of biology. | CELL THEORY |
one of the basic principles of biology | CELL THEORY |
Formulated by the 3 German scientists Theodor Schwann, Matthias Schleiden and Rudolph Virchow. | CELL THEORY |
The cell theory was formulated by __ | the 3 German scientists Theodor Schwann, Matthias Schleiden and Rudolph Virchow. |
formally established by Theodor Schwann and Matthias Schleiden in 1839. | CELL THEORY |
THE CELL THEORY STATES: Part 1 | 1Cells are the smallest unit of life All living things are composed of one or more cells >they may be unicellular or multicellular 2Cells are the basic unit of organization of all organisms |
THE CELL THEORY STATES: part 2 | 3Cells come only from preexisting cells >they are derived from spontaneous generation |
Modern cell theory adds additional key points: | 1. Cells carry and pass on to the offspring hereditary units during cell division. 2. All cells are relatively the same in terms of chemical composition and metabolic activity. |
CELL NUMBER? | UNICELLULAR and MULTICELLULAR |
Are made of singe cell | UNICELLULAR |
Example of Unicellular | Example: amoeba, bacteria chlamydomonas, yeast, euglena. |
Are made of million cells | MULTICELLULAR |
Example of MULTICELLULAR | Example: Plants and animals |
Cells are extremely small therefore they can be observed under microscope. | |
Cells are measured in | micrometers or microns. |
the smallest cell | MYCOPLASMA |
longest cell | NERVE CELL |
- the largest cell | Ostrich egg |
• The shape of the cell varies in different organisms. The shape of plant cell is different from that of an animal cell. They may be | Spherical, polygonal, Oval, columnar or flat plate like, Elliptical, Spindle shaped, cuboidal |