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Network #2

From 1.1

TermDefinition
Physical topologies of Networks Mesh, star, ring, hybrid
Mesh topology Full - each node is connected to every other node. Partial - not all are connected. Expensive
Star topology Connected to a central controller node. Point to point. No connection between end nodes
Ring topology Point to point. End nodes are connected to networking nodes, which get data on the ring. Used in optical fiber network
Hybrid topology More than one basic topology. Practical. "tree" topology is an extended star
Simplex data takes one direction
Half duplex data goes both directions. Can’t send and receive at the same time
Full duplex send and receive at the same time
Types of Connection(links) point to point link. point to multipoint, shared links
Physical topologies how a network is laid out physically. Includes 2+ links
Network types MAN, LAN, WAN, PAN
Metropolitan Area Network(MAN) Usually constructed using "Metro Ethernet" tech and usually provisioned by a single telecom carrier
Local Area Network(LAN) Privately owned, connecting hosts in 1 office, building, campus. Each host has a unique identifier and address. Usually point to point
Wide Area Network(WAN) For town, city, country, world. Operated for businesses, leased by customers. Usually switched links
Switched networks Connects 2+ links. Forward data from one network to another
Circuit-switched networks Dedicated line. Expensive
Packet switched networks Packets take different routes to reach the destination
Protocol Rules that the sender and receiver have to follow to communicate effectively
Protocol layering Used when communication is complex
Principles of Protocol layering Make sure each layer can complete two opposite tasks, one in each direction. The two objects under each layer at both sites should be identical
OSI reference model Created to standardize network communications. It features seven layers
TCP/IP protocol suite Group of communications protocols used for the internet and similar networks. Also known as the DoD model
Layers Application, (Presentation, Session), Transport, Network, Data link, Physical
Protocol Data Unit(PDU) Units of data object in each layer or protocol
Physical layer Controls the movements of bits moving from one node to the next. PDU - Bits. Address - N/A
Data link layer Controls the movements of frames from one node to the next. PDU - Frame. Address - Physical address / MAC address
Network layer Controls the transportation of individual packets going from the source host to the destination host. PDU - Packet. Address - Logical address / IP address
Transport layer Controls the transportation of a message from one process(source node) to another process(destination node). PDU - Segment. Address - Port number
Application layer Provides the service to the user. Not a software application. It is the network protocol by which the software application and another host interact. PDU - Messages. Address - Name / Application specific
Addressing Any communication that involves two parties needs two addresses: source address and destination address
Created by: jolly_n4
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