Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Phonetics Exam 1
Introduction and Anatomy
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Phonetics | the study of the production and perception of speech sounfs |
| International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) | used to represent the sounds that make up words; NOT based on spelling |
| Phonetics focuses on: | the study of speech sounds, their acoustic and perceptual characteristics, and how they are produced |
| Phonology focuses on: | how speech sounds are combined and used in language |
| Roman Alphabet | think in letters, the same letter combination might make different sounds depending on the word, context |
| Grapheme | the printed letter (or letters) that represent one speech sound |
| Allographs | different letter sequences or patterns that represent the same sound |
| Diagraphs | pair of letters that represent one sound |
| Morpheme | smallest unit of language capable of carrying meaning |
| Phoneme | a speech sound unit that can affect meaning |
| Minimal Pair | two words that differ by one phoneme |
| Free morpheme | a morpheme that can stand alone and carry meaning |
| Bound morpheme | a morpheme that must be attached to another word to carry meaning; CANNOT stand alone |
| Syllable | a basic building block of language that can be composed of one vowel alone or a vowel sound combination with one or more consonants |
| Syllable onset | all consonants that precede a vowel |
| Rhyme components | nucleus and coda |
| Nuecleus | the vowel |
| Coda | all consonants that follow the nucleus |
| Word Stress (lexical stress) | the increased emphasis in the production of one syllable in a word |
| Stressed syllable has an increase in muscular force, resulting in a syllable with | longer in duration, higher in pitch, somewhat louder |
| Systems for speech production | respiratory, phonatory, articulatory |
| Components of Respiratory system | diaphragm, lungs, trachea |
| Component of Phonatory system | larynx |
| Components of Articulatory system | vocal tract: lips, tongue, teeth, jaw, hard palate, velum, pharynx |
| Phonation | some speech sounds are voiced and some are voiceless |
| Examples of voiced sounds | z, b, d, th (in "the") |
| Examples of voiceless sounds | s, t, p, th (in "tooth") |
| Vocal tract | pharynx, oral cavity, nasal cavity, articulators |
| Articulators | structures that move to create speech sounds |
| Subcomponents of Pharynx | nasopharynx, oropharynx, laryngopharynx |
| Nasal cavity | responsible for nasal sounds |
| Tongue | primary articulator, lingual sounds |
| Velum | muscular structure posterior to the hard palate, velar sounds |
| Hard palate | bony structure posterior to alveolar ridge: palatal sounds |
| Alveolar ridge | bony ridge at the anterior portion of the hard palate: alveolar sounds |
| Teeth central incisors | central incisors: interdental, labiodental sounds |
| Teeth molars | help guide tongue in production of other speech sounds |
| Lips | bilabial sounds, rounded vs unrounded (bear vs wear) |
| Resonance | the vibratory properties of any vibrating object, including the vocal tract; as the articulators move, resonance changes |
| What is the reason why we perceive speech sounds as different from each other? | resonance |
Created by:
mostella
Popular Speech Therapy sets