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Chapter 2 Psych 101

Chapter 2: Psychology 101

TermDefinition
Scientific Method a multi step technique that generates empirical knowledge, that is knowledge derived from systematic observations of the world
theory an organized set of principles that describes, predicts, and explains same phenomenon
hypothesis a specific testable predication, often derived from a theory
Operational definition definitions that specify how concepts can be observed and measured in order to test a hypothesis
Descriptive research to solve problems associated with observation and descriptions
correlational research to solve the problem of prediction
experimental research to understand the cause of behavior
reactivity when behavior changes as a result of the observation process
Types of descriptive research naturalistic observations, case studies, and surveys
naturalistic observations a descriptive research technique that records naturally occurring behavior as opposed to behavior produced in the laboratory
participant observation when the observer attempts to become a part of the activities studied
laboratory research research conducted in an environment that can be regulated and in which participants can be observed carefully
drawback may elicit a typical behavior and cannot control everything
field research research conducted in real-world locations
case study a descriptive research technique in which the effort is focused on a single case, usually an individual
survey a descriptive research technique designed to gather limited amounts of information from many people, usually by administering some kind of questionnaire
sample subset of individuals from a target population
random sampling a procedure guaranteeing that everyone in the population has an equal likelihood of being selected for the sample
psychological tests designed to measure differences among people (achievement tests, personality tests, etc..)
Created by: madisonboschert
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