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Psychology 101
Chapter 1: Intro to Psychology
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Psychology | the scientific study of behavior and the mind |
| Mind | the contents and processes of sub objective experience |
| Behavior | things that can be observed and measured in a systematic way |
| Clinical Psychologists | diagnose and treat psychological problems |
| applied psychologist | apply research to every day problems in the world |
| research psychologist | conducts research |
| Aristotle | (384-322 BCE): argued the mind is a blank tablet |
| Empiricism | the idea that knowledge arises directly from experience |
| Descartes | (1596-1650)- argued that the mind and body are separate; introduced the concept of reflex |
| Immanuel Leant | (1724-1804)- belief that we are born with certain knowledge/ideas (nativism) |
| Darwin | (1809-1882)- proposed that living things are the end product of evolution (natural selection) |
| Nature | the biological/genetic positions that impact humans physically, emotionally, and intellectually |
| Nurture | environmental factors that influence development and behavior of a person |
| Wihelm Wundth | (1832-1920)- is the founder of modern psychology and established the first psych lab. also believed the study of psychology should focus on immediate conscious experience |
| Structuralism | school of psych focused on seeking to find the structure of the mind by breaking it down into its parts |
| systematic introspection | technique involving having participants provide righteous self reports of their internal experience |
| functionalism | approach with belief that the best way to understand mind and behavior is to analyze there function/purpose |
| behaviorism | Led by John B. Watson- approach emphasizes the study of observable behavior |
| Psychoanalysis | focused on the mind and its contents (the psyche) |
| Freud | Psychoanalysis was originated by him. Believed psychological problems are best solved through insight and had a strong focus on unconsciousness |
| Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow | the founders of humanistic psychology |
| Humanism | focused on people's capacity for self-awareness, choice, responsibility and growth |
| eclectic approach | the idea that is useful to select information from several sources rather than to rely entirely on a single perspective or school of thought |
| cognitive revolution | the shift away from strict behaviorism characterized by renewed interest in fundamental problems of consciousness and internal mental processes |
| evolutionary psychology | a movement proposing that we are born with mental processes and "structure" that were acquired through natural selection in our ancestral past and help us to solve specific adaptive problems |
| culture | the shared values, customs, and beliefs of a group or community |
| Lev Vygotgicy | realization that full understanding of behavior cannot be achieved without considering individuals in their social and cultural context |
| data | observation of how people interact/behave |
| big data | large behavioral databases generated by people interacting with computers/phones |
| Cultural factors | increased recognition of the influence of culture in psych, largely ignored for years, and almost all research has been conducted on people with weird societies |
| data replication | power of big data. is used to develop and test hypothesis and can create a replication crisis in psychology |
Created by:
madisonboschert
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