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Computer Vocab 1
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Algorithm | this is a set of instructions designed to perform a specific task; it's a fundamental concept in computer programming. |
| Application (App) | this is a program designed to perform a specific function; examples include word processors, web browsers, and games. |
| Back-End | this is the part of a website or software application that users don't see; it handles the database operations, server configuration, and how the application or website works. |
| Bandwidth | this refers to the maximum rate of data transfer across a given path, usually measured in bits per second. |
| Bit | in computing and digital messaging, a "bit" is the smallest unit of information. The name comes from the phrase "binary digit." |
| Browser | this is an application used to access and view websites; popular browsers include Google Chrome, Mozilla Firefox, and Safari. |
| Bug | this is an error, flaw, or fault in a computer program that causes it to produce incorrect or unexpected results or behave in unintended ways. |
| Byte | a group of eight bits that is used to store computer information. It is a basic way for computers to store information. |
| Cache | a piece of hardware or software that stores data so that it can be given faster when that data is asked for again. |
| Cloud Computing | this is the delivery of different services through the Internet, including data storage, servers, databases, networking, and software. |
| Code | this is the term used for both the instructions in a program and for the source of software in general. |
| Compiler | this is a special tool that takes statements written in a certain programming language and turns them into machine language or "code" that a computer's processor can use. |
| CPU (Central Processing Unit) | this is the brain of the computer; it processes most of the operations in a computer. |
| Database | this is a structured set of data; it can be used to easily organize, access, and manage large amounts of information. |
| Debugging | is the process of finding problems or bugs in a computer program and fixing them. |
| Driver | this is a program that operates or controls a particular type of device that is attached to a computer |
| Firewall | this is a software that helps to protect your computer from harmful information; it blocks unauthorized access while permitting authorized communication. |
| Front-End | this refers to the user interface and user experience aspects of a website or software; it's what the user sees and interacts with. |
| Graphics Card | this component handles processing graphics and video on your computer's display. |
| GUI (Graphical User Interface) | it is a type of interface that lets people use electronic devices by using icons and other visual cues. |
| Hard Drive | this is where the computer permanently stores data like photos, videos, and other files; it can be either internal (inside the computer) or external (a separate device). |
| Input | refers to any data or instructions that are sent to a computer for processing. For example, when you type letters, you send input information to a computer. |
| ISP (Internet Service Provider) | a company that provides services for accessing, using, or participating in the Internet. |
| Kernel | a computer program at the heart of an operating system that controls everything else in the system. |
| Keyboard | this is an input device; it's used to type text and control the computer. |
| Malware | this is any software intentionally designed to cause damage to a computer. |
| Monitor | it displays information in a visual form, often in text, graphics, and videos. |
| Motherboard | the main circuit board of a computer. It holds and lets many of the most important technical parts talk to each other. For example, the CPU, RAM, keyboard, and mouse are usually connected to the motherboard. |
| Mouse | another input device; it's used to point, click and scroll on the screen. |
| Network | a collection of computers, servers, mainframes, peripherals, or other devices connected to facilitate communication and data sharing. Essentially, it is a system that allows two or more devices to exchange information, resources, and services. |
| Open Source | this refers to a type of software where the source code is available for anyone to view, modify and distribute. |
| Operating System (OS) | this is the main software that manages all other software and hardware on the computer; examples include Windows, macOS, and Linux. |
| Output | the result of processed data — basically, it's any information that a computer sends out. For example, when you listen to music on a computer, the sounds are the output information. |
| Pixel | the smallest controllable part of a digital picture or display. |
| Port | this is a connection point through which data can be transferred between a computer and other devices. |
| Power Supply Unit (PSU) | it converts the power from the wall outlet into usable power for the many parts inside the computer. |
| Printer | it prints the text or images on paper. |
| RAM (Random Access Memory) | this is the computer's main memory; it temporarily stores data that the CPU uses. |
| Resolution | this is the number of pixels in each dimension that a device or image can display. |
| Spyware | this is a type of malware that spies on your computer activity; it can collect various types of personal information. |
| Syntax | the set of rules that tell you how to put symbols together in a computer language so that the program is structured correctly. |
| USB (Universal Serial Bus) | a standard way for devices and a computer, to send information to each other. |
| Virus | this is a malicious software designed to cause damage, access sensitive information, or disrupt computer operations; antivirus software can be used to detect and remove viruses. |
| Webcam | a camera that sends its picture to or through a computer in real time. It is often used for video calls or conferencing. |
| Flash Memory | Alternatively called flash storage and solid-state storage, flash memory is non-volatile computer memory. Flash memory is an integrated circuit that does not need continuous power to retain data, but is a bit more expensive than magnetic storage. |
| Firmware | Firmware is data stored on a computer or other electronic hardware, and includes instructions to help those devices operate correctly. |
| FTP (File Transfer Protocol) | The most common way of sending and receiving files between two computers. |
| Compressed File | any file containing one or more files or directory that is smaller than their original file size. |
| File Extension | is the ending of a file that helps identify the file type in operating systems such as Microsoft Windows. In Microsoft Windows, the file name extension is a period often followed by three characters but may also be one, two, four, or more characters long. |
| Boot Sequence | defines which devices a computer should check for the operating system's boot files. It also specifies the order devices are checked. The list can be changed and re-ordered in the computer's BIOS |
| Benchmark | a test that measures the performance of hardware, software, or computer. These tests help compare how well a product may do against other products. |
| Beta Software/Beta Testing | Software still under development made available during a release cycle to a select few to test, examine, and report problems. Beta testing allows developers to find problems they may have missed and fix them before the program is released. |
| BIOS | Short for Basic Input/Output System, the BIOS (pronounced bye-oss) is a ROM (Read-Only Memory) chip found on motherboards that lets you access and set up your computer system at the most basic level. |
| AND gate | an electrical circuit that combines two signals so that the output is on if both signals are present |
| assembler | a type of computer program that converts a program written in assembly language into machine code |
| assembly language | a low-level programming language that allows a programmer complete control of the machine code to be generated |
| bandwidth | the rate at which information can be transmitted along or to an electronic communications line, device, etc. |
| clock | an electronic pulse generator that transmits streams of regular pulses to which various parts of the computer and its operations are synchronized |
| corrupt | (of computer programs or data) containing errors |
| database | a systematized collection of data that can be accessed immediately and manipulated by a data-processing system for a specific purpose |
| debugging | the process of locating and removing faults in computer programs |
| flowchart | a diagrammatic representation of the sequence of operations or equipment in an industrial process, computer program, etc |
| hard copy | computer output printed on paper, as contrasted with machine-readable output such as magnetic tape |
| hard-wired | (of a circuit or instruction) permanently wired into a computer, replacing separate software |
| HTML (hypertext markup language) | a text description language that is used for electronic publishing, especially on the internet |
| input device | a peripheral device that accepts data and feeds it into a computer |
| LAN (local area network) | the linking of a number of different devices by cable within a system |
| machine learning | a branch of artificial intelligence in which a computer generates rules underlying or based on raw data that has been fed into it |
| microcomputer | a small computer in which the central processing unit is contained in one or more silicon chips |
| NOT circuit | a logic circuit that has a high-voltage output signal if the input signal is low, and vice versa: used extensively in computers |
| open source | intellectual property, especially computer source code, that is made freely available to the general public by its creators |
| OR gate | a digital logic gate that gives an output of 1 when any of its inputs are 1, otherwise 0 |
| overflow | a condition that occurs when numeric operations produce results too large to store in the memory space assigned to it |
| packet | a unit into which a larger piece of data is broken down for more efficient transmission |
| parallel processing | the performance by a computer system of two or more simultaneous operations |
| protocol | the set form in which data must be presented for handling by a particular computer configuration, esp in the transmission of information between different computer systems |
| reboot | to shut down and restart (a computer system) or (of a computer system) to shut down and restart |
| search engine | a service provided on the internet enabling users to search for items of interest |
| server | a computer or program that supplies data or resources to other machines on a network |
| string | a group of characters that can be treated as a unit by a computer program |
| taskbar | a row of selectable buttons and icons typically running along the bottom of a computer screen, displaying information such as the names of running programs |
| variable | a named unit of storage that can be changed to any of a set of specified values during execution of a program |
Created by:
jaredlovering
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