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What is a flight plan?
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There are three types of domestic flight plans?
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Title 14 CFR 91
Block 2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is a flight plan? | specified information relating to the intended flight of an aircraft that is filed orally or in writing with a Flight Service Station (FSS) or an ATC facility. |
| There are three types of domestic flight plans? | IFR, VFR, and DVFR |
| All Flight Plans provide basic information such as: | -Route of flight - Pilot contact information - When the pilot plans to depart and arrive - Color and type of aircraft -Number of persons on board |
| Flights plans must be filed: | - Verbally or in writing with: • An FSS • An ATC facility - Electronically via the internet using personal computer |
| When using a VFR flight plan, what are pilots responsible for? | - Pilots responsible for collision avoidance - Flight Plan is not mandatory except in ADIZ, but strongly encouraged -Pilot responsible for closing flight plan |
| What are the requirements and responsibilities of IFR Flight Plans? | - ATC is responsible for separation between IFR and VFR aircraft - is required to operate in IFR conditions - Pilots must cancel their IFR flight plan • automatically canceled when the aircraft lands at an airport with an operational control tower |
| Title 14 CFR Part 91 Contents | regulations are intended to ensure the safety of the pilots, passengers, aircraft, persons and property on the ground. |
| Title 14 CFR applies where and to whom? | All aircraft, including foreign carriers, operating within the United States and 12NM of the coast |
| Defense Visual Flight Rules (DVFR) Flight Plans: | • For VFR flights into a coastal or domestic ADIZ • For security reasons • Prior to departure (Alaskan ADIZ, may file immediately after takeoff due to lack of communications) •The pilot is responsible for closing a DVFR flight plan |
| A VFR flight plan is required to include which of the following information? | - Aircraft type - Cruising altitude - Route of flight - Destination |
| VFR Flight plans are not allowed in which airspace? | Class A |
| VFR Cloud clearance has different requirements in each airspace and is stated in distance how? | above, below, and horizontally from the aircraft and forward flight visibility |
| Special Visual Flight Rules (SVFR) allows aircraft to land, depart, or conduct flight operations within a Class B, C, D and E surface area (below 10,000 feet MSL) when? | the weather conditions are below Basic VFR weather minima. |
| What are the responsibilities and requirements of SVFR operation? | - Must be requested by the pilot - ATC clearance must be received prior to the aircraft operating - May be approved only if arriving and departing IFR aircraft are not delayed - ATC provides separation between SVFR flights and other IFR flights |
| A SVFR clearance is automatically cancelled when the: | - Aircraft lands - Aircraft leaves the surface area |
| Visibility/cloud clearance requirements for SVFR operations: | -At least 1 statute mile flight visibility for operations -At least 1 statute mile ground visibility if taking off or landing -Must remain clear of clouds |
| SVFR is prohibited between sunset and sunrise unless: | - Pilot is instrument rated - Aircraft is equipped for IFR flight |
| VFR cruising altitudes above 3,000 and up to 18,000 MSL | - 000 to 179 degrees must maintain odd altitude plus 500 feet (ex: 3,500, 7,500MSL) - 180 to 359 degrees must maintain even altitude plus 500 feet (Ex: 4,500, 8,500 MSL) |
| What would be an appropriate VFR altitude on a magnetic course of 250 degrees and more than 3,000 feet? | 6,500 or any other even altitude plus 500 feet |
| What is the correct altitude for a VFR aircraft on a magnetic course of 090 degrees? | Odd plus 500 feet |
| What is the correct altitude for a VFR aircraft on a magnetic course of 180 degrees? | Even plus 500 feet |
| VFR-on-top is which type of clearance? | IFR |
| VFR-on-Top Rules to operate in VFR conditions "on top of clouds" at any appropriate VFR altitude (below 18,000 MSL): | - Pilot must request VFR-on-top - Pilot must remain on the route issued by ATC, but the assigned altitude is “VFR-on-top” - Altitude may be subject to ATC restriction - Minimum IFR altitudes must be observed |
| IFR Flight Rules: | No person may operate an aircraft in controlled airspace under IFR unless that person has filed an IFR flight plan and received an appropriate air traffic control (ATC) clearance. |
| Standard Takeoff Minimums | -2 engines or less: 1 SM of visibility is required to take off - More than 2 engines: 1/2 SM of visibility is required for take off |
| Minimum Altitudes for IFR Operations (Mountainous and Non-Mountainous Areas) | - Mountainous Areas: Altitude 2,000 feet above the highest obstacle within horizontal distance of 4 nautical miles (NM). -Non-mountainous Areas: d: Altitude 1,000 feet above the highest obstacle within a horizontal distance of 4 nautical miles (NM). |
| IFR Cruising Altitude Below 18,000 feet: | - 000 to 179 degrees maintains an odd-thousand MSL altitude (ex: 3,000, 9,000) - 180 to 359 degrees maintains even-thousand MSL altitude (Ex: 4,000, 8,000) |
| IFR Cruising Altitude or Flight Level for FL 180 up to 410 | - 000 to 179 degrees maintains any odd flight level (ex: 190, 270, 390) - 180 to 359 degrees maintains any even flight level (Ex: 220, 340, 400 ) |
| Cruising Altitudes above FL 410 | - 000 through 179 degrees: Any flight level, at 4,000-foot intervals, beginning at FL 450 (e.g., 490, 530, or 570) - 180 through 359 degrees: Any flight level, at 4,000-foot intervals, beginning at FL 430 (e.g., 470, 510, or 550) |
| In controlled airspace, each IFR aircraft shall: | - Continuously monitor appropriate frequency - Report passing each reporting point when in a non-radar (not required in radar control unless requested by ATC) -Report any unforecasted weather conditions - Any information related to safety of flight |
| If IFR communication fails under VFR conditions, pilot should ___ | remain in VFR conditions and land as soon as practicable. |
| IFR Two-Way Radio Failure – Routes 1 & 2 | 1. If route assigned, follow route assigned in last ATC clearance received 2. If under radar-vector, proceed by the direct route from the point of radio failure to the fix, route, or airway specified in the vector clearance. |
| IFR Two-Way Radio Failure – Routes 3 & 4 | 3. Route not assigned, but expected route was said, proceed by the route that ATC advised may be expected in a further clearance. 4. No route given or expected route told, follow route in flight plan |
| IFR Two-Way Radio Failure – Altitude | 1. The altitude or flight level assigned in the last ATC clearance received. 2. The altitude or flight level ATC advised may be expected in a further clearance. 3. The minimum altitude or FL for IFR operations along the aircraft’s route segment |
| When there is a two-way radio failure, what is a pilot expected to do when the aircraft arrives at a clearance limit from which an approach begins? | - Commence descent as close as possible to the EFC, if received - Without an EFC, commence descent/approach ACAP to the ETA - Without an EFC, commence descent as near as possible to the ETA - Commence descent/approach ACAP to the EFC, if received |
| Supplemental Oxygen Requirements | -12,500 to 14,000 MSL: O2 must be provided to flight crew if flight is longer than 30 minutes - Above 14,000 MSL: flight crew must have O2 entire flight -Above 15,000 MSL: everybody gets O2 |
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