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NETW204 Ch 09
EIGRP
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Active State | A state in which there is no feasible successor in the topology table and the local router goes into active state and queries its neighbor for routing information. |
| Adjacency | A relationship formed between selected neighboring routers and end nodes for the purpose of exchanging routing information. Adjacency is based on the use of a common media segment. |
| Autonomous System (AS) | A collection of networks under a common administration sharing a common routing strategy. Autonomous systems are subdivided by areas. An AS must be assigned a unique 16-bit number by the IANA. |
| Fiber Distributed Data Interface (FDDI) | LAN standard, defined by ANSI X3T9.5 specifying a 100-Mbps token-passing network using fiber-optic cable, with transmission distances of up to 2km. FDDI uses dual-ring architecture to provide redundancy. |
| Feasibility Condition (FC) | If the receiving router has a feasible distance to a particular network and it receives an update from a neighbor with a lower advertised distance (RD) to that network, there is a feasibility condition. Used in EIGRP routing. |
| Feasible Distance (FD) | The metric of a network advertised by the connected neighbor plus the cost of reaching that neighbor. The path with the lowest metric is added to the routing table & is called FD or feasible distance. Used in EIGRP routing. |
| Feasible Successor (FS) | A next-hop router that leads to a certain destination network. The feasible successor can be thought of as a backup next hop if the primary next hop (successor) goes down. Used in EIGRP routing. |
| Hold Time | The maximum time a router waits to receive the next Hello packet or routing update. When the hold-down timer expires, that route will become reachable. |
| Hold-down Timers | Timers during which routers neither advertise the route or accept advertisments about the route for a specific time. Used to flush bad info about the route from all routers in the network. A route is placed in holddown when a link in that route fails. |
| Loopback Address | 127.0.0.1 is an IP address available to all devices to test whether the NIC on that device is functioning. If you send a packet to 127.0.0.1, it "loops back" on itself, thereby sending that data to the NIC on that device. |
| Loop-free | Free of loops |
| Null0 Summary Route | Since not all IP addresses are always in use, there is a risk of looping packets in case default routes are used on the router that receives the traffic for the summary route. |
| Passive State | A state when the router has identified the successor(s) for a certain destination and it becomes stable. A term used in conjunction with EIGRP. |
| Reference Bandwidth | The bandwidth referenced by the SPF algorithm when calculating the shortest path. In OSPF, the reference bandwidth is 10^8 divided by the actual interface bandwidth. |
| Reported Distance (RD) | The total metric along a path to a destination network as advertised by an upstream neighbor in EIGRP. |
| Successor | The path to a destination. The successor is chosen using DUAL from all the known paths or feasible successors to the end destination. Used with EIGRP. |
| Type/Length/Value TLV | The data portion of the EIGRP packet. All TLVs begin with a 16-bit Type field and a 16-bit Length field. Different TLV values exist according to the routed protocol. |
| Token Ring | Token-passing LAN developed and supported by IBM. Token Ring runs at 4 or 16 Mbps over a ring topology. Similar to IEEE 802.5. |
| Topology Database | Also known as the topology table, the topology database holds the information about the successor, feasible distance, and any feasible successors with their reported distances. Used in EIGRP routing. |
| Wildcard Mask | A 32-bit quantity used in conjunction with an IP address to determine which bits in an IP address should be ignored when comparing that address with another IP address. A wildcard mask is specified with setting up access lists. |
| What is the purpose of the EIGRP PDM (Protocol Dependent Modules)? | PDM provides modular support for Layer 3 protocols. |
| Neighbor Table | Important EIGRP data source; lists adjacent routers. |
| Topology Table | Contains all learned routes to all destination networks. |
| Routing Table | Contains the EIGRP routes to be used for packet forwarding. |
| Successor | The primary route to be used; selected by DUAL. |
| Feasible Successor Router | Backup path to a destination network. |
| What type of EIGRP packet is used to discover, verify, and rediscover neighboring routers? | Hello packets |
| If an EIGRP route goes down and a feasible successor is not found in the topology table, how does DUAL flag the route that has failed? | Active: When a route has failed and there is not a feasible successor in the topology table, DUAL puts the route into an active state as it queries neighbors looking for a new successor. |
| List 3 tables that a router running EIGRP will maintain. | Neighbor Table, Routing Table, & Topology Table |
| What is the purpose of the EIGRP neighbor and topology tables? | The neighbor and topology tables are used by DUAL to build the routing table. |
| A network administrator is troubleshooting an EIGRP routing issue. What command will show the administrator all possible paths to a destination? | show ip eigrp topology all-links |
| What routing algorithm does EIGRP use? | DUAL - Diffusing Update ALgorithm |
| Does EIGRP send periodic updates? | No, EIGRP sends nonperiodic bounded updates, only the routing information that is needed any only to those routers that need it. Only sent when there is a metric change. |
| What command enables you to verify that EIGRP has established relationships with its directly connected neighbors? | show ip eigrp neighbors |
| What is the feasibility condition? | When the neighbor's reported distance (RD) to a network is less than this router's feasibility distance (FD) to the same destination network. |
| Does EIGRP use automatic summarization similar to RIP? If so, how can it be disabled? | Yes. Automatic summarization can be disabled using the no auto-summary command. |
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