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Anatomy 3 k&s

Anatomy 3

QuestionAnswer
Pronation Posterior facing forward or upwards (back)
Osteopenia Bone weakness or deficiency- this happens when body does not make new bone like normal
Crucal bones Lower leg bones (tibia, fibula)
Epiphysis End of the long bone
Periosteum Outer layer of bone, nourishes and protects, blood supply and stem cells
Endostuem Inner lining of the bone where yellow bone marrow is
Bursae Synovial sac near complex joints like knee or shoulders
Epiphyseal plate Growth plate
Rickets Disease marked by too little calcium in children Vitamin D deficiency
Cancellous Spongy bone,- red bone marrrow is here
Cortical Compact bone, dense bone at edges
Calcium Necessary for bone formation, strength and in blood for muscle movement
Vitamin D Helps body absorb CALCIUM
Vitamin C Necessary for all bones cells to change into different cells
Fibrous joint Bones held together by dense connective tissue
PTH Parathyroid hormone- regulates calcium in blood
Collagen s Protein that makes up bone and helps with regeneration
Serotonin Exercise releases serotonin and plays a role
Synovial joint Freely moving joints have synovial fluid (oily) for lubrication. Produced by synovial membranes that line the joint capsule
RBCs Red blood cells
Hematopoiesis Production of blood cells
Red and yellow bone marrow Red in cancellous bone of adult, hematopoiesis- yellow in medullary canal, mostly fat in adult (yellow bone marrow can turn to red in crisis of anemia
Types of joints Synovial or diathrosis are hinge, pivot, gliding, ball and socket, saddle, plane and condyloid
Types of fractures Simple or compound, stress or compression, greenstick, spiral, oblique, transverse, comminuted
Abduction Lateral movement of body part away fro midline
Adduction Medial movement of body part toward midline
Functions of bones Support and protection, levers for movement , storage of minerals
Bone healing steps Hematoma , soft callus formation, hard callus formation, remodeling
Cartilage growth steps Growth in width by appositional growth, occurs on cartilage outside edge.
Hyoid bone Only bone that does not articulate with any other bone, part of the axial Skelton
Osteoblasts Builders or baby bone cells
Osteocytes Mature bone cells
Osteoclasts Cleaners; BREAKDOWN OF BONE
Diaphysis Shaft of the long bone
Endosteum Inner lining of the bone where yellow bone marrow is
Osteoporosis Age related, happens more to women after menopause “when bone becomes brittle and breaks easier”
Amphiarthrosis Slightly moveable joint example teeth or pubic symphysis
Sutures Fused joints in skull
Fontanelle Soft spots where sutures have not fused yet in infants
Rotation Turning on an axis
Manubrium Forms upper portion of the sternum
Five carpal bones Form the palms of the and
Vertebral foremen Opening in the middle of vertebraallowin for passage of the spinal cord
Acetabulum Articulates with head of femur to form hip joint Large circular cavity in each side of the pelvis
Mallelous Rounded bony projection on tibia and fibula on sides of each ankle
Metatarsals Five bones, form part of th. Foot to which toes are attached
Orthopedic surgeon Specializes in diagnosing treating diseases and disorders involving bones, joint and muscles
Podiatrist Specializes in diagnosing treating disorders of the foot
Pod/ iatrist Pod: foot Iatrist: specialist
Rheumataologist Specializes in diagnosis treating of arthritis
Chondromalacia Abnormal softening of cartilage
Costochondritis Inflammation of the cartilage that connects a rib to the sternum
Hallux valgus Abnormal enlargement of joint at the base of the great toe
Hemarthrosis Blood with a joint Hem: blood arthr: joint osis: abnormal condition
Myel/o Bone Marrow, spinal cord
Ligament/o Ligaments
Burs/o Bursa
Synovi/o Synovial membrane
Osse/e oss/i oste/o Bones
Spongy bone Porous thus more susceptible to fractures
Circumduction Making a circle or cone
Synarthrosis Examples is sutures of skull, fussed joint, non moveable joint
Diarthrosis Synovial or freely moveable joints
Anatomical position Standing feet apart Palms forward thumbs lateral eyes straight
Sutures Found in the skull
Phosphate Necessary for bone growth, repair and mineralization
PTH Parathyroid hormone-regulates calcium in blood
Auditory ossicles 3 tiny ear bones Malleus, incus, stapes
Hyoid bone Slender, curved bone Inferior to skull between the mandible and larynx
Posterior Fontanelle Closes at around 9 months
Anterior Fontanelle Closes at around 15 months
Vertebral column 24 individual vertebrae
Cervical vertebrae 7 vertebrae, c1-c7
Thoracic vertebrae 12 bones
Spongy bone Cancellous or trabecular bone
Compact bone Dense or cortical bone
Bones functions Hematopoiesis, storage of mineral and energy reserves Support and protection, Levers for movement,
Long bones Greater in length than width for example femur humerus
Short bone Length nearly equal to width For example carpals and tarsals
Flat bones Flat thin surfaces may be slightly curved Cranial bones
Irregular bones For example vertebrae Elaborate, sometimes complex shapes
Medullary “marrow” cavity Contains red bone marrow in children Hollow cylindrical space within the diaphysis
Metaphysis Region where bone widens and transfers weight between the diaphysis and epiphysis
Endosteum Covers all internal surfaces of bone within medullary cavity
Created by: Arithebody14!
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