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7OSYS 23-24 MIDTERMS
REVIEWER MODULE 2
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Operating System (OS) | Software that runs on a computing device and manages the hardware and software components that make up a functional computing system. |
| Linux | An open-source operating system based on UNIX, widely used for servers, desktops, and embedded systems. |
| UNIX | A powerful, multiuser operating system originally developed in the 1970s, known for its portability, multitasking, and multiuser capabilities. |
| Distribution (Distro) | A packaged version of the Linux operating system, including the kernel, system software, and applications, tailored for specific purposes or user needs. |
| Graphical User Interface (GUI) | A visual interface allowing users to interact with the computer using graphical elements like windows, icons, and menus. |
| Command Line Interface (CLI) | A text-based interface where users interact with the computer by typing commands. |
| Package Manager | A tool used in Linux distributions to install, update, and remove software packages. |
| Embedded Systems | Computing systems embedded within electronic devices, designed to perform dedicated functions or tasks. |
| Internet of Things (IoT) | A network of physical devices embedded with sensors, software, and other technologies to connect and exchange data with other devices and systems over the internet. |
| Beta Software | Pre-release software provided to users for testing new features and identifying bugs before the final stable release. |
| Stable Release | A version of software that has been tested and deemed reliable for general use. |
| Backward Compatibility | The ability of newer systems or software to function with older versions of hardware or software. |
| Release Cycle | The periodic schedule of updates and new versions of software provided by vendors. |
| Life Cycle | The duration during which a particular version of software is supported with updates and security patches. |
| Microsoft Windows | A proprietary operating system developed by Microsoft, unique in its underlying code base compared to Unix-based systems. |
| Apple macOS | A Unix-based operating system developed by Apple, known for its ease of use and integration with Apple hardware. |
| BSD Unix | An operating system based on Unix, distributed until 1995, forming the basis for macOS. |
| Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) | A distribution of Linux developed by Red Hat, aimed at the commercial market with long-term support and stability. |
| Ubuntu | A popular Linux distribution based on Debian, known for its ease of use and regular release cycle. |
| Fedora | A Linux distribution developed by the Fedora Project, sponsored by Red Hat, known for incorporating the latest features and technologies. |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server (SLES) | An enterprise-grade Linux distribution developed by SUSE, offering long-term support and stability. |
| Package Manager | A tool included in Linux distributions to install, update, and remove software packages. |
| Android | A Linux-based operating system designed for mobile devices, using the Dalvik virtual machine to run applications. |
| Raspbian | A specialized Linux distribution optimized for Raspberry Pi hardware, widely used in education and for hobbyist projects. |
| Embedded Systems | Computing systems designed to perform dedicated functions, often running on hardware optimized for specific tasks. |
| Virtual Machine (VM) | Software that emulates a physical computer, allowing multiple operating systems to run on a single hardware platform. |
| PowerShell | A task automation and configuration management framework from Microsoft, consisting of a command-line shell and scripting language. |
| Long-Term Support (LTS) | A type of software release that is supported and maintained for an extended period, typically several years. |
| Beta Release | A pre-release version of software distributed to a limited audience for testing and feedback before the final release. |