Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Finals
Physiology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Of the pathogenic organisms, which of the following are the most complex? viruses tapeworms bacteria portozoa | Tapeworms |
| Homeostasis can best be described as: | a state of relative constancy |
| If the secretion of oxytocin during child birth operated as a negative-feedback control loop, what effect would it have on uterine contractions? | oxytocin would inhibit uterine contractions |
| The normal reading or range of normal is called the: sensor point set point effector point integrator point | set point |
| Which of the following may put one at risk for developing a given disease? environment stress lifestyle | environment, stress, lifestyle |
| The contraction of the uterus during the birth of a baby is an example of _ _ feedback. negative positive inhibitory deviating | positive |
| Intracellular parasites that consist of DNA or RNA surruonded by a protein coat and sometimes by lipoprotein envelope are called: viruses bacteria fungi protozoa | viruses |
| Epidemiology is the study of the _ _ of diseases in human populations. | occurrence, distribution, transmission |
| Shivering to try to raise your body temperature back to normal would be an example of: the body trying to maintain homeostasis a positive-feedback mechanism a negative-feedback mechanism both A & C | the body trying to maintain homeostasis, a negative-feedback mechanism |
| Positive-feedback control systems: have no effect on the deviationfrom set point accelerate a change ignore a change do not exist in human systems | accelerate a change |
| Of the 11 major body systems, which is the least involved in maintaining homeostasis? circulatory endocrine lymphatic reproductive | reproductive |
| Intrinsic control: | is sometimes called autoregulation |
| The body's thermostat is located in the: | hypothalamus |
| Pathogenesis can be defined as: | the course of disease development |
| Amino acids frequently become joined by: peptide bonds catabolic reactions atrophic reactions | peptide bonds |
| The formation of sucrose involves the removal of a molecule of water. This is called: hydrolysis oxidation decomposition dehydration synthesis | dehydration synthesis |
| DNA: is a single strand of nucleotides contains the sugar ribose is a double-helix strand of nucleotides transports amino acids during protein synthesis | is a double-helix strand of nucleotides |
| Which of the following is not true of both triglycerides and phospholipids? They both contain glycerol They both contain fatty acids They both containa hydrophobic and hydrophillic end All of the above are true of both triglycerides and phospholipids | They both contain a hydrophobic and hydrophillic end |
| When two molecules of glucose are joined, they form which disaccharide? sucrose maltose lactose fructose | maltose |
| The type of lipoprotein associated with "bad" cholesterol and the production of atherosclerotic changes in blood vessels is: HDL LDL VHDL none of the above | LDL |
| The basic building blocks of fats are: monosaccharides disaccharides amino acids fatty acids and glycerol | fatty acids and glycerol |
| if one sidd of a DNA molecule is CTAGGCTG, the other side would be: CTAGGCTG GATCCGAC CUAGGCUG GAUCCGAC | GATCCGAC |
| Which of the following is not true of carbohydrates? they include substances commonly called sugars. they are the body's primary source of energy. they are part of both DNA and RNA All of the abovr are true of carbohydrates | All of the above are true of carhobydates |
| All of the following substances are organic except: lipids electrolytes carbohydrates proteins | electrolytes |
| A _ _ is a functional group that is temporarily unnattached and is highly reactive because of unpaired electrons | free radical |
| Which energy-releasing or energy-transferring molecule does not contain a nucleotide? FAD creatine phosphate NAD ATP | creatine phospate |
| Humans can synthesize 13 of 21 basic amino acids; the remaining 8, whivh must be included in the diet, are called: enzymes essential amino acids structural proteins peptide bonds | essential amino acids |
| A structural lipid found in the cell membrane is a: triglyceride phospholipid steroid Both B and C are correct | Both B and C are correct |
| Which lipid acts as a "tissue hormone"? triglyceride prostaglandin steroid phospholipid | prostaglandin |
| Of the five epidermal cell layers, the only one that can undergo mitosis is the stratum: basale lucidum corneum granulosum | basale |
| Connective tissue forms from stem cell tissue called: mesenchyme blastocyst endoderm ectoderm | mesenchyme |
| Which of the following is not a characterisic of skeletal muscles? having one nucleus per cell being attached to bone having striations having voluntary or "willed" muscles | having one nucleus per cell |
| What structure is formed by the union of the basal and reticular lamina? | basement membrane |
| A tissue is: a membrane that lines body cavities a group of similar cells that perform a common function a thin sheet of cells embeddedd in a matrix the most complex organizational unit of tghe body | a group of similar cells that perform a common function |
| Which of the following is not a proteoglycan found in the matrix of connective tissue? glucosamine collagen hyaluronic acid all of above are proteoglycans | collagen |
| Which of the following is not a characteristic of muscle tissue? cells are specialized to contract produces movement for the body generatesheat for the body cells are separated by a alrge quantity of extracellular matrix | cells are separated by a alrge quantity of extracellular matrix |
| Which cells electrically insulate axons to increase the speed of conduction? oligodendrocytes Schwaqnn cells astrocytes Both A and B | Both A and B |
| Which of the following is not a function of adipose tissue? Insulates to conserve body heat Defends the body from microbes and injurious substances Supports and protects the kidneys Stores excess food | defends the body from microbes and injurious substances |
| Hematopoietic tissue can be found in the: heart lungs bones intestines | bones |
| Which cells help destroy pathogens and damaged tissue in the brain? Oligodendrocytes Schwann cells Astrocytes Microglia | micro |
| Which energy-releasing or energy-transferring molecule does not contain a nucleotide? FAD creatine phosphate NAD ATP | creatine phospate |
| Humans can synthesize 13 of 21 basic amino acids; the remaining 8, whivh must be included in the diet, are called: enzymes essential amino acids structural proteins peptide bonds | essential amino acids |
| A structural lipid found in the cell membrane is a: triglyceride phospholipid steroid Both B and C are correct | Both B and C are correct |
| Which lipid acts as a "tissue hormone"? triglyceride prostaglandin steroid phospholipid | prostaglandin |
| Of the five epidermal cell layers, the only one that can undergo mitosis is the stratum: basale lucidum corneum granulosum | basale |
| Connective tissue forms from stem cell tissue called: mesenchyme blastocyst endoderm ectoderm | mesenchyme |
| Which of the following is not a characterisic of skeletal muscles? having one nucleus per cell being attached to bone having striations having voluntary or "willed" muscles | having one nucleus per cell |
| What structure is formed by the union of the basal and reticular lamina? | basement membrane |
| A tissue is: a membrane that lines body cavities a group of similar cells that perform a common function a thin sheet of cells embeddedd in a matrix the most complex organizational unit of tghe body | a group of similar cells that perform a common function |
| Which of the following is not a proteoglycan found in the matrix of connective tissue? glucosamine collagen hyaluronic acid all of above are proteoglycans | collagen |
| Which of the following is not a characteristic of muscle tissue? cells are specialized to contract produces movement for the body generatesheat for the body cells are separated by a alrge quantity of extracellular matrix | cells are separated by a alrge quantity of extracellular matrix |
| Which cells electrically insulate axons to increase the speed of conduction? oligodendrocytes Schwaqnn cells astrocytes Both A and B | Both A and B |
| Which of the following is not a function of adipose tissue? Insulates to conserve body heat Defends the body from microbes and injurious substances Supports and protects the kidneys Stores excess food | defends the body from microbes and injurious substances |
| Hematopoietic tissue can be found in the: heart lungs bones intestines | bones |
| Which cells help destroy pathogens and damaged tissue in the brain? Oligodendrocytes Schwann cells Astrocytes Microglia | microglia |
| Which is not a function of epithelial tissue? Absorption Secretion Assimilation Protection | assimilation |
| Which of the following epithelial functions is a primary activity of glandular epithelium? Protection Secretion Sensation Excretion | secretion |
| Which of the following is not a characteristic of connective tissue? Typically holds its cells together tightly by means of desmosomes Protects the body from foreign invaders Supports the body Transports substances throughout the body | typically holds its cells together tightly by means of desmosomes |
| Which is not a function of connective tissue? Transport Support Defense Communication | communication |
| As the activity of osteoblasts increases, the: level of calcium in the blood increases. amount of calcium in bone increases. level of calcium in the blood decreases. Both B and C occur. | Both B and C occur |
| One similarity between the structures of the foot and hand is the equivalent degrees of movement of both the thumb and the big toe. True False | False |
| Hematopoiesis is carried out in the: osteoclasts. osteocytes. yellow bone marrow. red bone marrow. | red bone marrow |
| Small cells that synthesize and secrete a specialized organic matrix are osteoclasts. osteons. osteoblasts. osteocytes. | osteoblasts |
| The human hand has greater dexterity than the forepaw of any animal because of the freely movable joint of the: elbow shoulder wrist thumb | thumb |
| The cells responsible for active erosion of bone minerals are called: osteocytes osteoclasts osteoblasts osteomorphytes | osteoclasts |
| In bone formation, the cells that produce the organic matrix are the: osteoblasts. osteocytes. osteoclasts. chondrocytes. | osteoblasts |
| Please select the bone positioned most superiorly on the human skeleton frontal mandible vomer xiphoid process | frontal |
| Which of the following is not a characteristic of the epiphyses? Made of spongy bone Cylindrical in shape Contain red bone marrow All of the above are characteristics of the epiphyses. | cylindrical in shape |
| Before childbirth, the symphysis pubis softens. True False | true |
| Bones act as a reservoir for which of the following minerals? Copper Calcium Phosphorus Both B and C | Both B and C |
| Which structures are unique to the fetal skull and provide additional space for molding the head shape as the baby passes through the birth canal? trabeculae fontanels sinuses sutures | fontanels |
| Which of the following is not one of the primary functions performed by bones? Mineral storage Protection Hormonal production Hematopoiesis | hormonal production |
| The humerus articulates proximally with the radius ulna scapula does not have a proximal articulation | scapula |
| Until bone growth in length is complete, a layer of the cartilage, known as the _____, remains between the epiphysis and diaphysis. ossification plate proliferating zone zone of hypertrophy epiphyseal plate | epiphyseal plate |
| Aerobic respiration: allows the body to avoid the use of oxygen for a short time results in the formation of an incompletely catabolized molecule results in the formation of lactate produces the maximum amount of energy available from each glucose | produces the maximum amount of energy available from each glucose molecule |
| The protein molecule that has heads jutting out for cross-bridging is: actin. myosin. troponin. tropomyosin. | myosin |
| Which of the following terms describes an isometric contraction? Eccentric contraction Static tension Concentric contraction Both A and C | static tension |
| Which of the following proteins found in myofilaments contains the cross-bridges? Myosin Actin Tropomyosin Troponin | myosin |
| Stretching the foot down and back and pointing the toe is called: plantar flexion. dorsiflexion. hyperextension. abduction. | plantar flexion |
| The opposite of eversion is: protraction. depression. retraction. none of the above. | none of the above |
| A contraction in which the tension within the muscle remains the same but the length changes is called a(n) _____ contraction. tonic isotonic isometric tetanic | isotonic |
| During which phase of the twitch contraction is there a triggering of the release of calcium ions into the sarcoplasm? Latent period Contraction phase Relaxation phase None of the above | latent period |
| Characteristics of an isometric contraction except: the muscle does not shorten it can produce work by tightening to resist a force movement is produced the tension produced by the myosin cross-bridges cannot overcome the load placed on the muscle | movement is produced |
| Which joint allows for the widest range of movement? Gliding Saddle Ball and socket Hinge | ball and socket |
| Which type of muscle does not have T-tubules? Smooth Cardiac Striated All muscles have T-tubules. | smooth |
| The purpose of creatine phosphate in muscle contraction is to: carry oxygen. store calcium. replenish energy supply. rotate the cross-bridges. | replenish energy supply |
| The chief function of the T-tubules is to: provide nutrients to the muscle fiber. allow for the fiber to contract. allow for electrical signals to move deeper into the cell. allow for the generation of new muscle fibers. | allow for electrical signals to move deeper into the cell |
| After it is released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum, the calcium combines with which protein? Troponin Actin Myosin Tropomyosin | troponin |
| Muscle contractions will continue as long as: the calcium ions are attached to the troponin. there is dopamine in the neuromuscular junction. there is ADP in the muscle cell. T-tubules are transmitting impulses. | the calcium ions are attached to the troponin |
| The neurotransmitter(s) that inhibit(s) the conduction of pain impulses is(are): acetylcholine. enkephalins. dopamine. norepinephrine. | enkephalins |
| Serotonin is an example of a(n): amino acid neurotransmitter. amine neurotransmitter. acetylcholine derivative. neuropeptide neurotransmitter. | amine neurotransmitter |
| A synaptic knob would be located on a(n): cell body. axon. dendrite. cell body, axon, or dendrite. | axon |
| A term commonly used as a synonym for action potential is nerve impulse. stimulus. repolarization. depolarization. | nerve impulse |
| True of an action potential? plasma mem. is impermeable to Na+ and K+ ions. Na+ ions move extracellularly. charges become equal on the outside and inside of the plasma mem. outside of the plasma mem. is -charged, and the inside is +charged. | The outside of the plasma membrane is negatively charged, and the inside is positively charged. |
| Within nervous system, coding for the strength of a stimulus is accomplished through: | the frequency of nerve impulses. |
| When an impulse reaches a synapse: two nerve fibers come in direct contact. impulses will pass in either direction. an electrical spark will jump the gap. chemical transmitters are released. | chemical transmitters are released |
| The active transport mechanism in the plasma membrane that transports sodium and potassium ions in opposite directions and at different rates is the sodium-potassium pump. ion pum chloride channel sodium-potassium channel | sodium-potassium pump |
| Neurotransmitters are released in a synapse and bind to: presynaptic terminals. the synaptic cleft. the base of the axon. receptors on the postsynaptic neuron. | receptors on the postsynaptic neuron |
| Acetylcholine is in the same class of neurotransmitters as: serotonin. histamine. dopamine. none of the above. | none of the above |
| Which of the following statements about amino acid neurotransmitters is incorrect? | They are all inhibitory neurotransmitters. |
| Which of the following antidepressants acts by blocking the action of monoamine oxidase (MAO)? Phenelzine Imipramine Amitriptyline Cocaine | phenelzine |
| There are two types of synapses—the electrical synapse and the __________ synapse. chemical mechanical sensory sonic | chemical |
| The fastest nerve fibers in the body can conduct an impulse that is how much faster than the slowest fibers in the body? | almost 300 times faster |
| During a relative refractory period: the action potential cannot be initiated. a resting potential exists. the cell membrane is impermeable to Na+ and K+. the action potential can be initiated with a strong stimulus. | the action potential can be initiated with a strong stimulus |
| Which is(are) the neurotransmitter(s) in a somatic motor pathway? Acetylcholine Amines Amino acids Neuropeptides | acetylcholine |
| The part of the brain that can directly influence or inhibit the release of hormones from the pituitary is the: hypothalamus. thalamus. medulla. midbrain. | hypothalamus |
| What would the result be if the phrenic nerve received an impulse from the cervical plexus? The diaphragm would stop contracting. | The diaphragm would stop contracting. |
| Norepinephrine is liberated at: the dendrite ending. parasympathetic preganglionic nerve endings. most sympathetic postganglionic nerve endings. sympathetic preganglionic nerve endings. | most sympathetic postganglionic nerve endings |
| Audition is a function of the _____ lobe. occipital temporal parietal frontal | temporal |
| The major function of the parasympathetic division is to serve as an “emergency” system. true false | false |
| Nerve impulses over the _____ nerve cause increased peristalsis and decreased heart rate. olfactory trigeminal vagus hypoglossal | vagus |
| Once inside the sympathetic chain ganglion, the preganglionic fiber may: send ascending and/or descending branches through the sympathetic trunk to synapse with postganglionic neurons in other chain ganglia. true false | true |
| Once inside the sympathetic chain ganglion, the preganglionic fiber may: synapse with a sympathetic postganglionic neuron true false | true |
| Once inside the sympathetic chain ganglion, the preganglionic fiber may: pass through one or more ganglia without synapsing. true false | true |
| The part of the brain that assists in the maintenance of balance is the: medulla. pons. cerebellum. hypothalamus | cerebellum |
| The parasympathetic and sympathetic divisions always act with a cooperative influence, and through summation of the impulses, the effect can be increased. True False | false |
| Nerve impulses over the _ _ nerve cause increased peristalsis and decreased heart rate. olfactory trigeminal vagus hypoglossal | vagus |
| which of the following is not true of the knee jerk reflex? it is a flexor reflex it is an ipsilateral relfex it is a spinal cord reflex it does not have to involve the brain | it is a flexor reflex |
Created by:
Roxiiee
Popular Physiology sets