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Physiology
weeks 6-12
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What role do kidneys play in regulating the body's pH? | The kidneys help regulate the body's pH by selectively excreting hydrogen ions and reabsorbing bicarbonate ions in the urine, thus adjusting the acid-base balance. |
| How does the respiratory system contribute to pH regulation? | The respiratory system helps regulate pH by controlling the elimination of carbon dioxide from the body through breathing. Carbon dioxide is acidic when dissolved in water, so removing it reduces acidity and helps maintain proper pH balance. |
| Describe the process of bicarbonate buffering in the blood. | Bicarbonate buffering involves the reversible reaction between carbonic acid (formed from carbon dioxide) and bicarbonate ions. When there's excess acid, bicarbonate ions act as a base, binding with hydrogen ions to form carbonic acid. |
| What is the difference between metabolic acidosis and respiratory acidosis? | Metabolic acidosis results from an increase in non-volatile acids in the body, such as lactic acid or ketones, leading to a decrease in blood pH. Respiratory acidosis occurs when carbon dioxide levels in the blood increase due to inadequate ventilation |
| What are the consequences of prolonged acidosis? | Prolonged acidosis can lead to electrolyte imbalances and impaired organ function. |
| How does the respiratory system regulate pH? | The respiratory system regulates pH by controlling the elimination of carbon dioxide through breathing |
| How does the body compensate for metabolic alkalosis? | To compensate for metabolic alkalosis, the respiratory system decreases ventilation to retain carbon dioxide, lowering blood pH. |
| What causes metabolic acidosis? | Metabolic acidosis results from an increase in non-volatile acids or a decrease in bicarbonate levels in the blood. |
| What is the normal pH range of blood? | The normal pH range of blood is approximately 7.35 to 7.45. |
| How does hyperventilation affect blood pH? | Hyperventilation leads to respiratory alkalosis by reducing carbon dioxide levels and increasing blood pH. |
| What is the primary mechanism for maintaining blood pH? | The primary mechanism for maintaining blood pH is through the bicarbonate buffer system. |
| Describe the role of the lungs in acid-base balance. | The lungs regulate acid-base balance by controlling the elimination of carbon dioxide, thus influencing blood pH |
Created by:
sydneyp21
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