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Info Tech Ch. 9
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Information Systems | A combination of technology, people, and procedures used to organize, analyze, and store data |
| Information System Types | The various forms of information systems including transaction processing, management, and expert systems |
| Artificial Intelligence | An area of computer science that focuses on intelligent machines |
| Supply Chain | The flow of goods and services from the producer to the consumer |
| Customer Relationship Management (CRM) | Software that organizes notes, activities, and metrics into one working system that can help a business in many stages of the client-business relationship including client acquisition, client support, and client retention |
| Cryptocurrency | A recent trend which is completely internet-based and uses cryptographical functions to conduct financial transactions |
| Blockchain | A recordkeeping technology originally developed for Bitcoin. It consists of two parts: a piece of digital information and a public database. So, a blockchain is group of digital blocks of information that are stored in a public, decentralized database |
| Data Analytics | The process of turning data points into useful information |
| Microsoft Excel | Spreadsheet software created by Microsoft that helps organize and turn data into useful tables, charts, and graphs |
| System Analysis and Design | The study and design of a system, accomplished by examining its components and their interactions |
| System Development Life Cycle (SDLC) | A methodology or framework that defines steps and tasks for developing and maintaining information systems |
| Waterfall Model | A development model that breaks down project activities into a series of sequential or linear phases, each phase depending on the deliverables from the previous phase |
| Iterative Design | A development model that involves designing, implementing, and testing smaller pieces of the overall project, then cycling back and doing more analysis and design |
| Planning Phase | The SDLC phase that involves gathering information about the technology and software needs of an organization, deciding which options are most feasible, and setting timelines and deliverables for the entire project |
| Analysis Phase | The SDLC phase that involves studying existing information systems that are already in place and the requirements for new information systems |
| Design Phase | The SDLC phase that involves reviewing the system requirements document from the analysis phase and producing detailed specifications that cover all aspects of the system |
| Implementation Phase | The SDLC phase that involves purchasing and installing new hardware and software, integrating the various system components, and testing the operation of the new system |
| Maintenance Phase | The SDLC phase that involves monitoring and evaluating the new information system |
| Project Management | The practice of initiating, planning, executing, controlling, and closing the work of a team to achieve specific goals and meet specific success criteria at the specified time |
| Systems Integration | An activity that involves integrating various computing systems and software applications to function together as a whole |
| Agile | A project management process that divides a large or complex project into smaller, more manageable projects that can be completed as part of an incremental or iterative process |
| Needs Assessment | A systematic process for determining and addressing needs, or "gaps" between current conditions and desired conditions, or "wants" |
| Risk Management | The identification, evaluation, and prioritization of risks followed by activities that minimize, monitor, and control the impact of the risk |
| Copyright | Protections granted by the federal government to creators, writers, and inventors regarding rights to reproduce, display, make derivatives of, sell, rent, or lend a work |
| Intellectual Property | Anything that is owned by a copyright holder |
| Piracy | The crime of using someone else's intellectual property in a way that should be reserved for the copyright holder |
| Fair Use | An exception to copyright law that allows short excerpts of a copyrighted work to be used for purposes that benefit the public |
| Public Domain | Works whose copyrights have expired and are free for anyone to reproduce, display, and make derivatives |
| Proprietary Software | Any software where the publisher retains intellectual property rights to the source code |
| Open-source Software | Software where anyone can inspect, enhance, and modify the source code |
| Patent | A license given by a government that provides inventors a temporary monopoly on their invention |
| Trademark | Any word, picture, or symbol that's used to distinguish a good from other similar goods |
| Privacy Expectation | A reasonable belief that personal information collected by an information system is controlled and protected, not shared or used beyond its original intent |
| Creative Commons | A non-profit organization that gives content creators free licenses that allow them to share their work in exactly the way they want to |
| Digital Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA) | A law that was created to protect artists of all types (musical, visual, literary, etc.) from having their work pirated through technology |
| Project Manager | A detail-oriented professional who manages a team to get projects done in a timely manner and under budget |
| Systems Analyst | Trusted professionals who consult with organizations to help them improve the effectiveness of their information systems |
| Information Systems Manager | A manager in charge of integrating different technologies and systems within an organization including data security, company policies and procedures, and quality control when implementing new systems |
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