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Info Tech Ch. 8
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Computer programming | A way of giving computers precise, line-by-line instructions to follow. Computer programming uses programming languages |
| Programming language | A formal language comprising a set of instructions that produce various kinds of output. A compiler converts the high-level programming languages into machine language (ones and zeros) |
| Scripting language | A programming language that supports scripts and uses an interpreter that compiles the code line by line at runtime |
| Pseudocode | A way to represent code in a manner that is easier for a wide range of people to understand |
| Data type | An attribute attached to a value that tells the compiler or interpreter how the data should be used |
| Identifier | A user-defined name of a program element, such as a variable or constant |
| Container | A program element, such as an array or vector, that holds a set of values |
| Function | A computer routine or snippet of code that can be reused in a computer program |
| Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) | A programming paradigm based on the concept of objects that can contain both data and programming code |
| Encapsulation | An OOP concept that describes how data and methods are bundled together within one unit or class |
| Assembly language | A human-readable, low-level computer language that is a symbolic representation of binary machine language |
| Compiled language | A computer programming language, such as C and C++, that uses a software tool called a compiler to translate the code into binary machine language |
| Interpreted language | A computer programming language, such as Python, JavaScript, and Ruby, that requires a program called an interpreter to execute the instructions written in the source code each time the application is run |
| Runtime engine | A special interpreter that translates bytecode into computer specific machine language. Bytecode is a platform independent, low-level language that is compiled from source code |
| Algorithm | Specific, step-by-step procedures that illustrate how a problem will be solved |
| Flowchart | A visual representation of the logic in a program |
| Branching | The logic in a program that tells the computer to execute a specific part of the program rather than executing statements one-by-one, in order |
| Looping | The logic in a program that tells the computer to repeatedly execute a sequence of instructions until a condition is reached |
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