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CHAD in Language

Language development stages and SLA stages

TermDefinition
First Language Development Children develop language competency in stages, beginning with hearing sounds and recognizing speech patterns. Biology and social environment may influence, but not determine, language skills and development.
What did the psychologist B. F. Skinner argue in childhood language development? Psychologist B. F. Skinner argued that children learn language, or verbal behavior, just like other types of behavior, through conditioning and reinforcement.
What is the language acquisition device(LAD)? Chomsky argued that, unlike other animals, humans have an innate ability to learn language. He called this ability the language acquisition device(LAD)
First Language Development: Birth to 1 year Children make cooing and babbling sounds in imitation of the vowel and consonant-vowel combination phonemes they hear.
First Language Development: 1-2 years Phonological awareness increases as children begin to recognize when speakers use correct pronunciation. Their vocabulary, especially nouns and verbs, grows between 18 and 24 months. They begin to join words into two-word combinations.
First Language Development: 3-5 years Children’s pronunciation improves, and they begin to construct three-word sentences. Words and sentences become increasingly complex as children learn to add morphemes. They also begin to grasp metaphors.
First Language Development: 6-10 years Children know all vowels and most consonants, and they can break down words into syllables. They learn denotation, the literal/dictionary meaning of a word. Their understanding of metaphor increases. They begin to use more complex grammatical structures.
First Language Development: 7 years Children are capable of simple reading and writing.
First Language Development: 8 years Children can use complex and compound sentences, know all speech sounds, and can regulate the rate and volume of their speech.
Children will learn to use correct grammar by being ________ reinforced, and will be discouraged from using incorrect grammar through _______ reinforcement. Children will learn to use correct grammar by being positively reinforced, and will be discouraged from using incorrect grammar through negative reinforcement.
Chomsky theorized that ________ rules of grammar underlie all languages Chomsky theorized that universal rules of grammar underlie all languages, and only surface aspects of language, such as vocabulary, differ.
Second Language Acquisition(SLA) Students learning a second language also learn in stages. According to Stephen Krashen and Tracy Terrell, there are five stages of second-language acquisition, or SLA.
SLA Stage 1: Preproduction Students at this stage have little or no comprehension of the second language and usually are not verbal.
SLA Stage 2: Early Production The student is beginning to comprehend. The student responds to the teacher with one- or two-word answers and uses verbs in the present tense.
SLA Stage 3: Speech Emergence The student’s comprehension improves, and the student can use simple sentences with some grammar and punctuation errors.
SLA Stage 4: Intermediate Language Fluency Students have vastly improved comprehension but make occasional grammatical errors.
SLA Stage 5: Advanced Fluency The student can speak almost at the level of a native speaker.
Created by: arielhill
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