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Chapter 3 Examples

QuestionAnswer
Example of a morphological frame tests nouns with plural affix -s -cat cat-s -gerbil gerbil-s -ostrich ostrich-es
Example of a morphological frame tests nouns with possessive affix -s -cat’s (tail) -gerbil’s (water bottle) -ostrich’s (nest)
Example of a morphological frame test for nouns with derivational endings -creation, sensation, action, vision -ripeness, hopefulness, illness -denial, arrival acquittal
Example of a morphological frame test for nouns with derivational affixes (category selected) pre- pre-history -ful hopeful -ian magician -ify beautify -ist artist -ize magnetize -y rainy, sunny
Example of a morphological frame test for nouns with derivational affixes (category derived) -al approval -ant inhabitant -ian musician -ion detection -ity nationality -ment government -ness craziness
Example of a syntactic frame test for nouns (preposition) to bed, on campus, for life
Example of a syntactic frame test for nouns (determiner) a story, the cat, my wife
Example of a syntactic frame test for nouns (adjectives ) outrageous lies, fluffy pancakes
Example of a morphological frame test for verb (progressive/continuous) I was running, they were reading, we are listening
Example of a morphological frame test for verb (past) I talked, Lee ran, they read, we listened.
Example of a morphological frame test for verb (prefect/completed) She has spoken, they had gone, they have heard.
Example of a syntactic frame test for verb (model auxiliaries) We should/can/will go.
Example of a syntactic frame test for verb (negated) You should not leave yet.
Example of comparative adjectives taller, smarter, bolder, finer
Example of superlative adjectives biggest, fullest, reddest, coolest
Example of adjectives syntactic frame test (periphrastic comparative) more insistent, more perplexing, more evident, most original, most fulfilling, most intellectual
Example of adverbs syntactic frame test regularly, suddenly, apparently
Prepositions examples in, on, over, under, up, down, to, for, by
Determiners examples the boring lecture, some breaking news, my cuddly cat
determiner possessive adjectives examples my, your, his, her, our, their
determiner possessive nouns examples the neighbor’s dog, my professor’s lab notes
determiner quantifiers examples some, many, all, several
determiner distributive examples each, any, either, neither
determiner interrogative examples which, what, whose
Replacement examples -The five boxing wizards jump quickly -They jump quickly
Replacement (noun phrases) examples The boy dropped his pencil -> He dropped his pencil. The girl scored a basket -> She scored a basket. The students played at recess -> They played at recess. The cat meowed loudly -> It meowed loudly.
Replacement (verb phrases) examples -Who invented writing? The Sumerians did. -Lee ate the last cookie. Who ate the last cookie? Lee did
Replacement (adjective phrases) examples -Jo loves reading thrilling books. I love such books, too.
Replacement (Prepositional Phrases) examples -They met back before the COVID crisis. -They met back then. -The murder occurred at the waterfront. -The murder occurred there.
Stand Alone Test examples Who is there? Me. Who watered the lawn? Larry. Where did you go? To the beach. When did that happen? In 1997. What are you doing? Watching Mr Robot.
Movement Test Clefting examples -Some people buy books from local bookstores on the weekend -It is some people that buy books -It is books that people buy from local bookstores -It is from local bookstores that some people buy books on the weekend
Movement Test Topicalization examples -Lisa can’t stand country music. -Country music, Lisa can’t stand (but she loves bluegrass).
Movement Test Passivization examples *The cat stalked the mouse -> The mouse was stalked by the cat
Movement Test Initial position examples *The dog barked. *Barked the dog. *It was the dog that barked
Failing test examples -Yesterday, Jo wrote a poem. -Yesterday they a poem. -Yesterday did a poem -The newspaper reported that voter participation will increase. -It newspaper that voter participation will increase. -Newspaper did that voter participation will increase
Example of lexical pit: ‘a hole’ pit: ‘a hard stone in a fruit’
Example of functional ambiguity Ted likes politics more than you.
Example of recursion There’s a toe on the foot of a frog on a log in a hole at the bottom of the sea.
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