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Comp 2
Structure of the Internet
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Internet | A network of computer networks and computers using unique IP addresses and TCP/IP |
| Gateway | Connects networks that use different network protocols |
| Router | Connects networks that use the same link layer protocol |
| IP address | A unique address that identifies a computer of other electronic devices on a network |
| WWW (World Wide Web) | A system of hyperlinked text documents accessed via the Internet |
| Intranet | A private computer network used to share information or operations within an organisation |
| Domain name | A name that identifies one or more IP addresses |
| What does FQDN stand for? | Fully qualified domain name |
| What does a FQDN consist of? | Host ID and domain name |
| DNS server | A server that translates FQDNs into IP addresses |
| What does URL stand for? | Uniform Resource Locator |
| What is a URL? | A URI that identifies a resource by its network location |
| What does URI stand for? | Uniform resource identifier |
| What does a URI do? | Specifies how to access a resource on the Internet |
| Server | A software process that provides a service requested by a client |
| Client | A software process that requests and uses the services provided by a server |
| Client-server model | A client software process initiates a request for a service from a server software process, and the server responds to that request |
| Protocol | A set of agreed signals, codes and rules for data exchange between systems |
| Protocol Stack | A collection of protocol layers where each layer is responsible for part of the process governed by the stack |
| Name the parts of the TCP/IP protocol stack from top to bottom | Application layer, transport layer, network layer and link layer |
| Port | An address for a software process |
| Socket | A combination of a host IP address and a port number |
| Bidirectional | Data passes both ways at the same time |
| Client port numbers | Temporary port numbers used by client processes. They lie in the range 1024 to 4095 |
| Well-known port numbers | Universally known port numbers used by servers. They lie in the range 0 to 1023 |
| What does the TCP or Transport layer do? | Connects hosts, detects errors, retransmits packets and detects if a connection is broken |
| Network layer | Adds and removes source and destination IP addresses from packets |
| Link layers | Handles all the physical details of interfacing with the cable |
| Application layer | Handles the details of a particular networking application |
| What ports does FTP use and what are they used for? | Port 20 for file transfer data Port 21 for file transfer control (commands) |
| What ports does a web server use? | 80 and 8080 |
| What port does a SMTP server use? | 25 |
| What port does a POP3 server use? | 110 |
| What port does a Telnet server use? | 23 |
Created by:
Masterniket
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