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NETW204 Ch 04

Distance Vector Routing Protocols

QuestionAnswer
Bounded Updates Updates that are bounded to those very routers that need the updated information.
Count to Infinity Problem that can occur in routing algorithms that are slow to converge, in which routers continuously increment the hop count to particular networks. Typically, some arbitrary hop-count limit is imposed to prevent this problem.
Diffusing Update Algorithm (DUAL) Convergence algorithm used in EIGRP that provides loop-free operation at every instant throughout a route computation. Allows routers involved in a topology change to synchronize at the same time w/o involving routers that are unaffected by the change.
Internetwork Packet Exchange (IPX) NetWare network layer (Layer 3) protocol used for transferring data from servers to workstations. IPX is similar to IP and XNS.
Poison Reverse A variation of the split horizon technique that specifies that all routes should be included in an update out a particular interface, but that the metric should be set to infinity for those routes acquired over that interface.
Route Poisoning Routing updates that explicitly indicate that a network or subnet is unreachable, rather than implying that a network is unreachable by not including it in updates. Poison reverse updates are sent to defeat large routing loops.
Split Horizon Routing technique in which information about routes is prevented from exiting the router interface through which that information was received. Split horizon updates are useful in preventing routing loops.
Topology Table Also known as Topology database, the topology table holds the information about the successor, feasible distance, and any feasible successors with their reported distances. Used in EIRGP routing.
Triggered Update A routing update that is triggered by an event in the network.
Give 4 statements regarding some distance vector routing protocols. Hop counts can be used for path selection, Routing updates are broadcast at intervals, EIGRP can do unequal-cost load balancing, & RIP sends its entire routing table to directly connected neighbors (except for any routes affected by split horizon)
Give 3 conditions that cause some distance vector routing protocols to send routing table updates. When a change occurs in the network topology, When the update timer value expires, & When a triggered update is received from another router.
What are 2 characteristics of EIGRP updates? Only triggered for route topology changes & Bounded only to those routers that need the update.
What feature was added to RIP to help with synchronization errors? RIP_JITTER
Which two of the following are timers used for RIP? Invalid, Refresh, Flush, Deadlink, or Hello Invalid & Flush
What is an advantage of a distance vector protocol? Ease of implementation makes configurations simple.
Which mechanism can be used to avoid a count-to-infinity loop? Split horizon, Route poisoning, Hold-down timers, Triggered updates, or Split horizon w/ Poison reverse Hold-down timers
What allows RIP to avoid routing loops by advertising a metric of infinity? Route poisoning
Which field in the IP headers ensures that packets will not loop endlessly on a network? Time-To-Live (TTL)
Define split horizon. Routes learned through an interface are not advertised out that same interface.
Define route poisoning. Routes learned through an interface are advertised back out the same interface as unreachable.
Define Hold-down timers. This allows time for topology changes to travel through an entire network.
Define Triggered updates. Topology changes are immediately sent to adjacent routers.
Created by: AZ4ME
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