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Carbohydrates

function and how they fit into overall healthy diet

TermDefinition
Monosaccharides They define the single sugar units of glucose, fructose, and galactose and represent the absorbable forms of carbohydrates for the body.
Disaccharides They define pairs of sugar units. The three nutritionally important ones to humans are sucrose, maltose, and lactose.
Polysaccharides They define glucose chains longer than 10 units in length, but they can be as large as several thousand glucose units in length.
Oligosaccharides They define sugar units ranging from 3 to 10 units in length and are largely indigestible to humans.
Amylose A straight-chain and digestible form of starch containing glucose molecules.
Amylopectin A branched-chain and digestible form of starch containing glucose molecules.
Soluble Fiber A type of dietary fiber that dissolves in water to form a gel, associated with heart health benefits and glucose control.
Insoluble Fiber A type of dietary fiber that does not dissolve in water, associated with promoting bowel regularity.
Diverticulosis A condition that occurs when pockets of collected stool called diverticula form in the walls of the digestive tract, forcing the inner layer of the intestinal wall to push through its outer lining.
Functional Fiber A compound derived from isolated indigestible fiber to potentially provide some of the health-promoting benefits of natural fiber.
Glycogen The storage molecule of carbohydrate found in animals and located in muscle and liver cells.
Glycogenolysis The process of breaking down the glycogen molecule into its individual glucose units for entry into the energy pathways.
Glycogenesis The process of forming glycogen from glucose.
Created by: KeiKei
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