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Daniel Ramirez

physiology weeks 7-13

TermDefinition
Neuron membrane potential Resting membrane potential slightly excess of + ions outside of membrane and less + ions inside of membrane. measurements of volts or milivolts.
Sodium-potassium pump Active transport mechanism in plasma membrane Na+ and K+ in opposite direction and at different rates.
local potentials slight shift away from resting; specific region of plasma membrane.
Excitation stimulus triggers opening of Na+ channels, allowing membrane potential to move to zero (depolarization)
Inhibition stimulus triggers opening of K+ channels, increasing membrane potential (hyperpolarization).
local potentials graded potential because resting membrane potential is equal to stimulus.
Neuron action potential membrane potential conducting impulses (nerve impulse). stimulus triggers Na+ gated channels to open, diffuse in cell (local depolarization). Potential is all or none. membrane potential changes when K+ channels open, diffusion of K+ (repolarization)
Saltatory conduction jumps and only occur at the nodes of Ranvier (myelinated)
Electrical synapses chemical synapses where cells join by gap allowing action potentials to continue along postsynaptic membrane. where cells release chemical neurotransmitters across gap to postsynaptic cell.
synaptic knob synaptic cleft bulge of presynaptic neuron axon containing vesicles of neurotransmitter. space between knob and membrane of postsynaptic neuron
synaptic transmission increase Ca+ at knob release neurotransmitters by exocytosis, diffuse across gap/cleft, bind to receptor, causing ion channels to open.
summation spatial - adding together of several knobs simultaneously. temporal - knob stimulates in rapid succession.
Created by: danielr3267
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