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SCI221 pt2

PHYSIOLOGY

QuestionAnswer
Excitatory neurotransmitters are most likely to: a) increase the speed of impulse conduction b) make the cell membrane impermeable c) initiate an action potential d) make the resting potential more negative c) initiate an action potential.
A synaptic knob would be located on a(n): a) cell body b) axon c) dendrite d) cell body, axon, or dendrite b) axon.
The fastest nerve fibers in the body can conduct impulses up to approximately __________ meters per second. a) 60 b) 85 c) 130 d) 190 c) 130.
Which of the following statements about amino acid neurotransmitters is incorrect? a) they are among the most common neurotransmitters in the central nervous system (CNS) b) they are all inhibitory neurotransmitters c) glycine is a widely distributed i b) they are all inhibitory neurotransmitters.
Acetylcholine is in the same class of neurotransmitters as: a) serotonin b) histamine c) dopamine d) none of the above d) none of the above.
The first event to occur when an adequate stimulus is applied to a neuron is: a) the membrane potential moves immediately to a value of +30 mV b) the potassium channels open c) the sodium channels are inactivated d) some of the sodium channels at the d) some of the sodium channels at the point of stimulation open.
Which neuron could transmit a nerve impulse the fastest? a) a small-diameter neuron without myelin b) a large-diameter neuron without myelin c) a large-diameter neuron with myelin d) a small-diameter neuron with myelin c) a large-diameter neuron with myelin.
What is the difference between a somatic reflex and an autonomic reflex? A somatic reflex is caused by contraction of skeletal muscles, whereas an autonomic reflex consists of contraction of smooth or cardiac muscle or secretions of glands.
Nerve impulses over the __________ nerve cause increased peristalsis and decreased heart rate. a) olfactory b) trigeminal c) vagus d) hypoglossal c) vagus.
Sympathetic responses generally have widespread effects on the body because: preganglionic fibers synapse with several postsynaptic fibers.
The parasympathetic and sympathetic divisions always act with a cooperative influence, and through summation of the impulses, the effect can be increased. True or False False.
How does a dually innervated autonomic effector differ from a singly innervated autonomic effector? A dually innervated effector receives input from both sympathetic and parasympathetic pathways. A singly innervated autonomic effector receives input from only the sympathetic division.
Blood vessels in both digestive organs and skeletal muscles are dilated by sympathetic stimulation. True or False True.
Once inside the sympathetic chain ganglion, the preganglionic fiber may: a) synapse with a sympathetic postganglionic neuron b) send ascending and/or descending branches through the sympathetic trunk to synapse with postganglionic neurons in other chain d) all of the above.
Which is not true of the hormone somatostatin? a) it is produced by the delta cells of the pancreas b) it inhibits the secretion of glucagon c) it stimulates the secretion of insulin d) both B and C are not true of the hormone somatostatin. c) it stimulates the secretion of insulin.
Which of the following is not a characteristic of the endocrine system? a) chemical messenger travels a short distance b) effector tissues include virtually all tissues c) receptors are located on the plasma membrane or within the target cell d) all o a) chemical messenger travels a short distance.
The term blood type refers to the blood type of blood cell a) antibody b) antigen c) transfusion reaction. b) antigen.
The term used to describe the collection of mechanisms that influence the circulation of blood is: a) hematopoiesis b) hemodynamics c) hemostasis d) hematocrit b) hemodynamics.
The heart begins beating in the fetus at about what stage of development? a) third month b) second trimester c) after about 4 weeks d) after about 2 weeks. c) after about 4 weeks.
Circulatory shock caused by a drop in the amount of blood in the circulatory system is called __________ shock. a) hypovolemic b) cardiogenic c) anaphylactic d) septic. a) hypovolemic.
Complement can best be described as a(n): a) enzyme in blood b) lymphokine c) antibody d) hormone. a) enzyme in blood.
Pyrogen molecules trigger the fever response by promoting the production of a) leukotrienes b) prostaglandins c) antibodies d) cytokines b) prostaglandins.
Which of the following is a powerful poison that acts directly on any cell and quickly kills it? a) cytotoxin b) phagotoxin c) lymphotoxin d) granulotoxin. c) lymphotoxin.
The ability of our immune system to attack abnormal or foreign cells but spare our own normal cells is called: d) adaptive immunity.
What is the function of the spleen? a) tissue repair b) hematopoiesis c) red blood cell and platelet destruction d) blood reservoir e) all of the above. e) all of the above.
Memory cells: a) immediately secrete antibodies when they are formed b) are supporting cells and are not related to antibody production c) are a special type of T cell d) become plasma cells when exposed to an antigen. d) become plasma cells when exposed to an antigen.
The movement of phagocytes from blood vessels to an inflammation site called a) phagocytosis b) pavementing c) diapedesis d) apedesis. c) diapedesis.
External respiration can be define as: The exchange of gases between the blood capillaries and the tissue cells.
One hundred millimeters of arterial blood contains approximately what volume percent of oxygen? a) 10% b) 15% c) 20% d) 25% c) 20%
Which of the following would you expect to happen to cellular respiration during exercise? Increased cellular respiration occurs during exercise, causing a rise in plasma PCO2, which is detected by central chemoreceptors in the brain and perhaps peripheral chemoreceptors in the carotid sinus and aorta to cause an increase in respiration rate.
Which of these is not an example of mechanical digestion? a) moistening the food b) changing food from large to small particles c) propelling food through the digestive tract d) all of the above are examples of mechanical digestion. a) moistening the food.
Which phase(s) of gastric secretion is(are) stimulated by the sight, taste, and smell of food? a) intestinal phase b) cephalic phase c) gastric phase d) all of the above b) cephalic phase
Which of the following is a disaccharide? a) glucose b) starch c) sucrose d) glycogen c) sucrose
Created by: Lorrie Oronos
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