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Ch. 5 Key Terms

Network Fundamentals / Ch. 5 - Fundamentals of IP Addressing and Routing

TermDefinition
ARP Address Resolution Protocol. An Internet protocol used to map an IP address to a MAC address. Defined in RFC 826.
default gateway/default router On an IP host, the IP address of some router to which the host sends packets when the packet’s destination address is on a subnet other than the local subnet
DHCP Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol. A protocol used by hosts to dynamically discover and lease an IP address, and learn the correct subnet mask, default gateway, and DNS server IP addresses.
DNS Domain Name System. An application layer protocol used throughout the Internet for translating hostnames into their associated IP addresses.
host part A term used to describe a part of an IPv4 address that is used to uniquely identify a host inside a subnet. The host part is identified by the bits of value 0 in the subnet mask.
IP address A 32-bit address assigned to hosts using TCP/IP. Each address consists of a network number, an optional subnetwork number, and a host number. The network and subnetwork numbers are used for routing; host number is used to address a host within a network.
logical address A generic reference to addresses as defined by Layer 3 protocols, which do not have to be concerned with the physical details of the underlying physical media. Used mainly to contrast with data-link (physical) addresses.
network broadcast address A special address in each classful network that can be used to broadcast a packet to all hosts in that same classful network. Example: 10.255.255.255 is the network broadcast address for classful network 10.0.0.0.
network number A number that uses dotted decimal notation like IP addresses, but the number itself represents all hosts in a single Class A, B, or C IP network.
network address See network number.
network part The portion of an IPv4 address that is either 1, 2, or 3 octets/bytes long, based on whether the address is in a Class A, B, or C network.
routing table A list of routes in a router, with each route listing the destination subnet and mask, the router interface out which to forward packets destined to that subnet, and, as needed, the next-hop router’s IP address.
subnet broadcast address A special address in each subnet, specifically the largest numeric address in the subnet, designed so that packets sent to this address should be delivered to all hosts in that subnet.
subnet number In IP v4, a dotted decimal number that represents all addresses in a single subnet. Numerically, the smallest value in the range of numbers in a subnet, reserved so that it cannot be used as a unicast IP address by a host.
subnet address See subnet number.
subnet part In a subnetted IPv4 address, interpreted with classful addressing rules, one of three parts of the structure of an IP address, with the subnet part uniquely identifying different subnets of a classful IP network.
Created by: k3ntucky
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