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NASM Muscles

Major Muscles of HMS

MusclesConcentric ActionIsometric ActionOriginInsertion
tensor facia latae hip flexion, abduction, internal rotation LPHC outer surfacre of iliac crest just posterior to anterior-superior iliac spine of pelvis proximal 1/3 of IT band
rectus femoris hip flexion, knee extension LPHC and knee anterior-inferior iliac spine of pelvis base of patella, tibial tuberosity of tibia
biceps femoris - long head knee flexion, hip extension, tibial external rotation LPHC and knee ischial tuberosity of pelvis, part of sacrotuberous ligament head of fibula
semimembranosis hip extension, knee flexion, tibial internal rotation LPHC and knee ishial tuberosity of pelvis posterior aspect of medial tibial condyle of tibia
semitendinosis hip extension, knee flexion, tibial internal rotation LPHC and knee ischial tuberosity of pelvis, part of sacrotuberous ligament proximal aspect of medial tibial condyle of tibia
adductor magnus, longus, brevis, gracilis & pectineus adduction, flexion,internalrotation, LPHC
gastrocnemius plantarflexion foot & ankle complex posterior aspect of lateral & medial femoral condyles calcaneus via Achilles tendon
soleus plantarflexion (esp. knee bent) foot & ankle complex posterior surface of fibular head & proximal 1/3 of its shaft and from the posterior side of the tibia calcaneus via the achilles tendon
tibialis anterior dorsiflexion, inversion arch of foot lateral condyle & proximal 2/3 of lateral surface of tibia mdial & plantar aspects of medial cuneiform and the base of 1st metatarsal
psoas hip flexion, external rotation, extends & rotates lumbar spine LPHC transverse processes & lateral bodies of last thoracic and al lumbar vertebrae including intervertebral discs leser trochanter of femur
gluteus maximus hip extension, external rotation LPHC outer ilium, posterior side of sacrum & coccyx & part of sacrotuerous & posterior sacroiliac ligament gluteal tuberosity of femur & iliotibial tract
gluteus medius - anterior fibers hip abduction, internal rotation LPHC outer surface of ilium lateral surface of greater trochanter on femur
peroneus longus plantarflexion, eversion foot & ankle complex lateral condyle of tibia, head & proximal 2/3 of lateral surface of fibula lateral surface of medial cuneiform & lateral side of base of 1st metatarsal
tibialis posterior inversion, plantarflexion arch of foot proximal 2/3 of posterior surface of tibia & fibula every tarsal bone but talus plus the bases of 2nd-4th metatarsal bones. Main insertion is on navicular tuberosity & medial cuneiform bone
vastus lateralis knee extension knee anterior & inferior border of greater rochanter, lateral regtion of gluteal tuberosity, lateral lip of linea aspera of femur base of patella & tibial tuberosity of tibia
vastus intermedius knee extension knee lower region of intertrochanteric line, medial lip of linea aspera, proximal medial supracondylar line of femur base of patella, tibial tuberosity of tibia
vastus medialis knee extension knee anterior-lateral regions of upper 2/3 of femur base of patela, tibial tuberosity of tibia
biceps femoris - short head knee flexion, tibial external rotation knee lower 1/3 of posterior aspect of femur head of fibula
adductor magnus - posterior fibers adduction, extension, external rotation LPHC ischial tuberosity of pelvis adductor tubercle on femur
gluteus medius - posterior fibers hip abduction, external rotation LPHC outer surface of ilium lateral surface of greater trochanter on femur
gluteus minimus hip abduction, flexion, internal rotation LPHC ilium between anterior & inferior gluteal line greater trochanter of the femur
piriformis hip external rotation, abduction & extension Hip and SIJs anterior surface of sacrum greater trachanter of the femur
rectus abdominus spinal flexion, lateral flexion & rotation LPHC pubic symphysis of the pelvis ribs 5-7
external oblique spinal flexion, lateral flexion & contralateral rotation LPHC external surface of ribs 4-12 anterior iliac crest of pelvis, linea alba & contralateral rectus
internal oblique spinal flexion (bilateral), lateral flexion & ipsilateral rotation LPHC anterior 2/3 of iliac crest of pelvis & thoracolumbar fascia ribs 9-12, linea alba & contralateral rectus sheaths
transverse abdominus increases intra-abdoominal pressure. supports abdominal viscera synergistically w/internal oblique, multifidus & deep erector spinae to stabilize LPHC ribs 7-12, anterior 2/3 of iliac crest of pelvis & thoracolumbar fascia lineae alba & contralateral rectus sheaths
diaphragm pulls central tendon inferiorly, increasing the volume in the thoracic cavity LPHC costal: ribs 6-12; sternal: posterior side of xiphoid process; crural (lumbar) part: two aponeurotic arches covering external surface of quadratus lumborum & psoas major, right & left crus, originating from bodies of L1-L3 and their intervertebral discs central tendon
latissiumus dorsi shoulder extension, adduction & internal rotation LPHC, shoulder spinous processes of T7-T12; iliac crest of pelvis, thoracolumbar fascia; ribs 9-12 inferior angle of scapula; intertubecular groove of humerus
serratus anterior scapular protraction scapula ribs 4-12 medial border of scapula
rhomboids produces scapular retraction & downward rotation scapula spinous processes of C7-T5 medial border of scapula
lower trapezius scapular depression scapula spinous processes of T6-T12 spine of scapula
middle trapezius scapular retraction scapula spinous processes of T1-T5 acromion process of scapula; superior aspect of spine of scapula
upper trapezius cervical extension; lateral flexion & rotation; scapular elevation stabilizes cervical spine & scapula, stabilizes medial border of scapula creating a stable base for prime movers during scapular abduction & upward rotation external occipital protuberance of skull; spinous process of C7 lateral thrid of clavicle; acromion process of scapula
levator scapulae cervical extension, lateral flexion & ipsilateral rotation when scapulae is anchored; assists in elevation & downward rotation of scapulae cervical spine & scapulae transverse processes of C1-C4 superior vertebral border of scapulae
pectoralis major shoulder flexion (clavicular fibers), horizontal adduction & internal rotation shoulder girdle anterior surface of clavicle; anterior surface of sternum, cartilage of ribs 1-7 greater tubercle of humerus
pectoralis minor protracts the scapula shoulder girdle ribs 3-5 coracoid process of scapula
anterior deltoid shoulder flexion & internal rotation shoulder girdle lateral thrid of clavicle deltoid tuberosity of humerus
medial deltoid shoulder abduction shoulder girdle acromion process of scapula deltoid tuberosity of humerus
posterior deltoid shoulder flexion & internal rotation shoulder girdle spine of scapula deltoid tuberosity of humerus
teres minor shoulder external rotation shoulder girdle lateral border of scapula greater tubercle of humerus
infraspinatus shoulder external rotation shoulder girdle infraspinous fossa of scapula middle facet of greater tubercle of humerus
subscapularis shoulder internal rotation shoulder girdle subscapular fossa of scapula lesser tubercle of humerus
supraspinatus abduction of the arm shoulder girdle supraspinous fossa of scapula superior facet of greater tubercle of humerus
teres major shoulder internal rotation, adduction & extension shoulder girdle inferior angle of scapula lesser tubercle of humerus
biceps brachii elbow flexion, supination of radioulnar joint, shoulder flexion elbow & shoulder girdle short head: corocoid process; long head: tubercle above glenoid cavity on humerus radial tuberosity of radius
triceps brachii elbow extnesion, shoulder extension elbow & shoulder girdle long head: infraglenoid tubercle of scapula; short head: posterior humerus; medial head: posterior humerus olecranon process of ulna
brachialis flexes elbos elbow humerus coronoid process of ulna
anconeus extends elbow elbow lateral epicondyle of humerus olecranon process, posterior ulna
brachioradialis flexes elbow elbow lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus styloid process of radius
pronator quadratus pronates forearm distal radioulnar joint distal ulna distal radius
pronator teres pronates forearm proximal radioulnar joint & elbow medial epicondyle of humerus, coronoid process of ulna radius
supinator supinates forearm proximal radioulnar joint & elbow lateral epicondyle of humerus radius
sternocleidomastoid cervical flexion, rotation & lateral flexion cervical spine & acromioclavicular joint sternal head: top of Maubrium of sternum; Clavicular Head: medial 1/3 of clavicle mastoid process, lateral superior nuchal line of occiput of the skull
scalenes cervical flexion, rotation & lateral flexion; assists rib elvation during inhalation cervical spine transverse processes of C3-C7 1st & 2nd rib
longus colli cervical flexion, lateral flexion & ipsilateral rotation cervical spine anterior portion of T1-T3 anterior & lateral C1
longus capitus cervical flexion, lateral flexion cervical spine transverse processes of C3-C6 inferior occipital bone
sartorius hip flexion, external rotation & abduction, knee flexion, external rotation LPHC and knee anterior-superior iliac spine of pelvis proximal medial surface of tibia
Created by: bodyshop
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