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POWERPLANT ORALS

CHAPTER 8 - ELECTRICAL, STARTING, AND IGNITION SYSTEMS

QuestionAnswer
HOW CAN THE REMAINING SERVICE LIFE OF STARTER-GENERATOR BRUSHES BE DETERMINED? BY VISUALLY INSPECTING THE AMOUNT OF WEAR GROOVE REMAINING ON THE BRUSHES.
WHAT COMPONENTS OF THE STARTER-GENERATOR REQUIRE PERIODIC INSPECTION? BOTH COMMUTATOR AND BRUSHES SHOULD BE INSPECTION FOR WEAR BEYOND OPERATIONAL LIMITS.
BETWEEN FIELD AND ARMATURE WINDINGS IN STARTER-GENERATORS, WHICH ORDINARILY RECEIVE CURRENT FOR OPERATION IN THE START MODE? GENERALLY, BOTH FIELD AND ARMATURE RECEIVE CURRENT FOR OPERATION IN THE START MODE?
WHAT ARE POSSIBLE SOURCES OF LOW PRESSURE COMPRESSED AIR USED FOR STARTING JET TRANSPORT AIRCRAFT EQUIPPED WITH AIR TURBINE STARTERS? A GROUND SUPPORT UNIT (GPU), AN ON-BOARD AUXILIARY POWER UNIT (APU), COMPRESSED BLEED AIR FORM AN ALREADY RUNNING ENGINE.
WHEN SHOULD IGNITION IDEALLY OCCUR? A SPECIFIC NUMBER OF DEGREES (AS DETERMINED BY THE MANUFACTURER) BEFORE THE PISTON REACHES TOP DEAD CENTER ON THE COMPRESSION STROKE.
WHY ARE DUAL MAGNETOS USED IN THE ENGINE IGNITION SYSTEM? TO IMPROVE COMBUSTION EFFCIENCY, AND PROVIDE REDUNDANCY FOR SAFETY.
WHY IS MAGNETO TIMING SO IMPORTANT? PERFECT TIMING ENSURES THE BEST POSSIBLE SPARK. IF THE MAGNETO IS NOT TIMED CORRECTLY THE ENGINE WILL RUN ROUGH OR NOT AT ALL.
WHAT FUNCTION DOES A MAGNETO PERFORM? IT PRODUCES A HIGH VOLTAGE THAT FORCES A SPARK TO ARC ACROSS A SPARK PLUG GAP.
NAME THE COMPONENTS OF A HIGH TENSION MAGNETO SYSTEM. A PERMANENT MULTIPOLE ROTATING MAGNET, SOFT IRON CORE, AND POLE SHOES.
NAME THE THREE MAIN CIRCUITS OF A HIGH TENSION MAGNETO SYSTEM. MAGNETIC, PRIMARY AND SECONDARY.
WHAT IS AN E-GAP ANGLE ? IT IS A POINT A FEW DEGREES BEYOND THE NEUTRAL POSITION OF A ROTATING MAGNET WHERE MAXIMUM MAGNETIC FIELD STRESS EXISTS.
WHAT REDUCES ARCING IN THE POINTS AND ALSO AIDS THE COLLAPSING OF THE MAGNETIC FIELD IN A MAGNETO? A CAPACITOR.
HOW DOES A MAGNETO PRODUCE THE HIGH VOLTAGE REQUIRED TO FIRE A SPARK PLUG? IN THE ROTATION CYCLE, WHEN THE MAGNETIC ROTOR IS IN THE E-GAP POSITION, PRIMARY POINTS OPEN, WHICH INTERRUPTS THE CURRENT FLOW IN THE PRIMARY CIRCUIT CAUSING A HIGH RATE OF FLUX CHANGE IN THE CORE, INDUCING A PULSE OF HIGH VOLTAGE IN THE SECONDARY COIL.
WHAT IS THE P-LEAD AND HOW DOES IT FUNCTION? THE P-LEAD CONNECTS THE IGNITION SWITCH TO THE PRIMARY CIRCUIT OF THE MAGNETO. THE IGNITION SWITCH IS TURNED OFF, P-LEAD ON BOTH MAGNETOS ARE GROUNDED. IGNITION SWITCH IS TURNED LEFT POSITION, RIGHT MAGNETO IS GROUNDED, SO ONLY THE LEFT MAGNETO OPERATES.
WHAT IS A MAGNETO TIMING LIGHT USED FOR, AND WHAT DOES IT INDICATE? IT IS USED FOR BOTH INTERNAL MAGNETOTIMING AND MAG TO ENGINE TIMING, INDICATES THE EXACT INSTANT THE MAG POINTS OPEN.
WHY ARE TURBINE ENGINE IGNITERS GENERALLY NOT SUSCEPTIBLE TO CARBON FOULING? BECAUSE THE HIGH ENERGY SPARKS THEY PRODUCE CLEAN OFF ANY DEPOSITS ON THE FIRING END.
WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF A DUTY CYCLE IN RELATION TO A TURBINE ENGINE IGNITION SYSTEM? A DUTY CYCLE ALLOWS THE OPERATION OF THE IGNITION SYSTEM FOR A GIVEN AMOUNT OF TIME, AND IS THEN FOLLOWED BY A MINIMUM SPECIFIED COOLING DOWN PERIOD.
WHAT ARE THE THREE MAIN COMPONENTS OF A TURBINE ENGINE IGNITION SYSTEM? IGNITION EXCITER, HIGH TENSION LEADS, IGNITERS.
WHEN THE ENGINE IS OPERATING, WHAT DOES AN AMMETER / LOADMETER INDICATE WHEN CONNECTED TO: 1. BATTERY POSITIVE LEAD? 2. GENERATOR OUTPUT LEAD? WHEN CONNECTED TO THE BATTERY POSITIVE LEAD, THE AMMETER INDICATES WHETHER THE BATTERY IS CHARGING OR DISCHARGING. WHEN CONNECTED TO THE GENERATOR OUTPUT LEAD, IT INDICATES THE CURRENT PRODUCED BY THE GENERATOR, OR ELECTRICAL SYSTEM LOAD.
WHAT IS DONE TO ENSURE THAT EACH GENERATOR SHARES THE LOAD IN A MULTIPLE GENERATOR SYSTEM? THE GENERATORS ARE PARALLELED.
WHERE WOULD YOU FIND GENERATOR RATING AND PERFORMANCE DATA? ON THE DATA PLATE ATTACHED TO THE GENERATOR.
HOW IS THE VOLTAGE OF A DC GENERATOR CONTROLLED? BY VARYING THE FIELD CURRENT STRENGTH.
WHAT IS THE MOST COMMON TYPE OF ALTERNATOR USED IN MOST AIRCRAFT AC SYSTEMS? THE THREE PHASE ALTERNATOR?
HOW DOES A VOLTAGE REGULATOR CONTROL THE VOLTAGE OF AN ALTERNATOR? BY REGULATING THE VOLTAGE OUTPUT OF THE DC EXCITER.
WHAT DOES THE SPEED OF ROTATION AND NUMBER OF POLES OF AN ALTERNATOR DETERMINE. THE FREQUENCY OF THE ALTERNATOR OUTPUT.
WHAT ARE SOME OF THE METHODS USED TO MAINTAIN 400 HERTZ ALTERNATOR OUTPUT FREQUENCY ON LARGE TURBOJET OR TURBOFAN ENGINES? CONSTANT SPEED DRIVES, INTEGRATED DRIVE GENERATORS, AND VARIABLE-SPEED CONSTANT FREQUENCY (VSCF) POWER SYSTEMS.
NAME THE MAJOR PARTS OF DC MOTOR. THE ARMATURE, FIELD, BRUSHES AND FRAME ASSEMBLY.
NAME THE COMPONENTS OF A DIRECT CRANKING ELECTRIC STARTER SYSTEM. AN ELECTRIC MOTOR, REDUCTION GEARS, AND AN AUTOMATIC ENGAGING AND DISENGAGING MECHANISM.
NAME THREE TYPES OF DC MOTORS. SERIES, SHUNT, AND COMPOUND.
WHAT TYPE OF DC MOTOR IS COMMONLY USED FOR A RECIPROCATING ENGINE STARTER AND WHY? A SERIES WOUND MOTOR IS COMMONLY USED BECAUSE IT HAS A HIGH STARTING TORQUE UNDER HEAVY LOAD CONDITIONS.
WHAT ARE THE OPERATING MODES OF A TURBINE ENGINE STARTER GENERATOR? IT OPERATES FIRST AS A STARTER, THEN AS A GENERATOR ONCE THE ENGINE IS RUNNING.
WHAT IS A POSSIBLE INDICATION WHEN A STARTER DRAGS? A DIRTY OR WORN STARTER COMMUTATOR.
WHERE WOULD WIRE WITH HIGH TEMPERATURE INSULATION MATERIAL BE USED? WHEN THEY RUN CLOSE TO HIGH TEMPERATURE AREAS SUCH AS EXHAUST STACKS OR HEATING DUCTS.
WHAT IS THE SIZE STANDARD FOR ELECTRICAL WIRE USED IN US MANUFACTURED AIRCRAFT? THE AMERICAN WIRE GAUGE (AWG).
HOW ARE WIRE SIZES REPRESENTED? BY A NUMBERED GAUGE SIZE. THE SMALLER WIRES ARE REPRESENTED BY LARGER NUMBERS. THE SMALLEST SIZE WIRE NORMALLY USED IN AIRCRAFT IS 22-GAUGE.
WHAT IS THE MAXIMUM SLACK ALLOWED BETWEEN THE SUPPORTS OF A SINGLE WIRE OR BUNDLE INSTALLATION? NOT OVER 1/2 INCH.
WHY ARE WIRES BONDED ON POWERPLANT INSTALLATIONS? TO PROVIDE A CURRENT RETURN PATH FOR ELECTRICAL ACCESSORIES, AND TO PREVENT STATIC DISCHARGE.
Created by: brookburns34924
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