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Pathophys Week 9-11
Pathophysiology Week 9-11 Quiz
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the most likely cause of the eosinophilia? | Parasitic invasion and allergic reactions |
| A 65 year old experienced loss of appetite, weight loss, lemon-yellow skin, liver enlargement, and a beefy red tongue shortly before her death. Autopsy suggested pernicious anemia, and the cause of death would most likely reveal: | heart failure |
| A 35-year-old male with hyperthyroidism begins treatment to decrease thyroid activity. A nurse monitors for which of the following conditions that could result secondary to the treatment? | Basophilia |
| A 5 year old is diagnosed with acute leukemia. The patient will mostly likely be treated with: | Chemotherapy |
| A 15-year-old female presents with splenomegaly, hepatomegaly, and lymph node enlargement. She is diagnosed with infectious mononucleosis. What should the nurse tell the patient about the recovery time? | a few weeks |
| A 15-year-old male is diagnosed with infectious mononucleosis (IM). When the patient asks how he got this disease, how should the nurse respond? The most likely cause is: | Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). |
| In the United States, which group of people should be assessed first for sickle cell disease? | Blacks |
| What is the most serious complication of immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP)? | Intracranial bleeding |
| A 5-year-old male is diagnosed with leukemia. Which of the following symptoms would the nurse expect? (Select all that apply.) | Fatigue Pallor Petechiae Fever |
| A mother has a child that is diagnosed with sickle cell anemia. While the mother does not have the disease, which characteristic of her genetic makeup is responsible for the child’s disease? | Hb S and Hb A |
| Which mother-fetus combination is at most risk for a maternal-fetal blood incompatibility? | Mother is Rh-negative, and fetus is Rh-positive. |
| Which of the following clusters of symptoms would lead the nurse to suspect a child has immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP)? | Spontaneous nosebleeds, bruising, and petechiae |
| A 52-year-old male presents with pooling of blood in the veins of the lower extremities and edema. The diagnosis is chronic venous insufficiency, and an expected assessment finding of this disorder is: | skin hyperpigmentation. |
| Foam cells in a fatty streak are: | macrophages that engulf low-density lipoprotein (LDL). |
| A 55-year-old male died of a myocardial infarction. Autopsy would most likely reveal: | platelet aggregation within the atherosclerotic coronary artery. |
| What term should the nurse use to document a detached blood clot? | Thromboembolus |
| A patient was admitted to the intensive care unit with a diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction (MI) and is being treated for shock. The primary cause of shock is most likely: | decreased cardiac contractility. |
| A 72 year old has a history of hypertension and atherosclerosis. An echocardiogram reveals backflow of blood into the left ventricle. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis documented on the chart? | Aortic regurgitation |
| A 1-month-old infant was diagnosed with truncus arteriosus (TA) with a ventricular septal defect. This condition results in: | blood from both ventricles mixing in a common vessel. |
| A newborn is severely cyanotic. An echocardiogram reveals transposition of the great arteries. What is the characteristic defect associated with this condition? | The aorta leaving the right ventricle |
| A 2-week-old infant who presents with poor feeding, fatigue, dyspnea, and a murmur is diagnosed with a patent ductus arteriosus (PDA). This condition results in a(n): | left-to-right shunt. |
| Coarctation of the aorta is the local narrowing of the aorta near the: | ductus arteriosus. |
| Intrauterine exposure to which factor could be responsible for a diagnosis of congenital heart disease? | Viral infection |
| A 3-year-old male is diagnosed with Kawasaki disease. What is the most likely cause of Kawasaki disease? | Inflammation of the small capillaries, arteries, and veins |
| The most common cause of pulmonary edema is: | left heart failure. |
| A 60 year old undergoes surgery for a bone fracture. Which nursing measure would be most effective for preventing pulmonary embolism (PE) in this patient? | Prevent deep vein thrombosis formation. |
| A low ventilation-perfusion ratio of the lung will result in: | shunting |
| A patient’s arterial blood gas reveals decreased carbon dioxide (CO2) levels. What is the most likely cause of this situation? | Hyperventilation |
| Asthma is thought to be caused by: | interactions between genetic and environmental factors. |
| The patient generally acquires nosocomial pneumonia: | during hospitalization |
| An 11 year old presents with a low-grade fever and cough and is diagnosed with atypical pneumonia. What type of pneumonia does the nurse suspect the patient is experiencing? | Mycoplasma pneumonia |
| A 7 month old presents with cystic fibrosis (CF) accompanied by failure to thrive and frequent, loose, and oily stools. Sweat testing confirms the diagnosis. Which of the following is characteristic of CF? | Thick mucous sputum |
| A young patient is admitted to the pediatric unit with a diagnosis of cystic fibrosis (CF) exacerbation. The nurse monitors the patient closely for which potentially fatal complication of CF? | Respiratory failure |
| Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an _____ disease. | autosomal recessive |
| To prevent sudden infant death syndrome, the nurse should instruct parents to: | always lay infants down on their backs to sleep. |
| To help confirm a diagnosis of cystic fibrosis in a 1-year-old child, which substance will be monitored for in the child’s sweat? | Chloride |
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Janelleu4771
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