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Ch 5 Integumentary

Anatomy and Physiology

QuestionAnswer
epidermis made of stratified squamous epithelium
cells of the epidermis keratinocytes
melanocytes epithelial cells that synthesize the pigment melanin, which protects our skin cells’ DNA from ultraviolet light.
Langerhans’ cells macrophages that help activate the immune system
Merkel cells associated with sensory nerve endings
stratum basale mitosis forms new cells
stratum lucidum clear layer only found in thick skin
stratum corneum thick layer of dead keratinocytes
dermis strong, flexible dense irregular and areolar CT
skin color determined by melanin, hemoglobin, and carotene
eccrine sweat (sudoriferous) glands produce sweat for thermoregulation, are the most numerous, and are abundant on the palms, soles of feet, and forehead
apocrine sweat (sudoriferous) glands found in the axillary and anogenital areas and produce sweat with fatty substances and proteins
sebaceous glands secrete sebum and are found all over the body except for the palms, and the soles of feet; they secrete their product into a hair follicle; secretion is stimulated by hormones
sebum an oily secretion of lipids and cell debris
arrector pili muscle responsible for goosebumps
basal cell carcinoma least malignant (cancerous) and the most common skin cancer
squamous cell carcinoma tends to grow rapidly and metastasize (spread) if not removed
malignant melanoma the most dangerous because it is highly metastatic and resistant to chemotherapy
merkel cell cancer develop in the merkel cell receptors of the epidermis
immediate threat to a burn patient fluid loss and infection
skin grafts used to replace skin damage of 3rd degree burns
end of the fourth month of fetal development skin is well formed
infancy and childhood skin thickens and more subcutaneous fat is deposited
adolescence skin and hair become more oily as sebaceous glands are activated
old age the rate of epidermal cell replacement slows among other things
Created by: emmie_studies
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