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ASVAB Auto & Shop

ASVAB Auto and Shop Information

QuestionAnswer
The engine converts ___ energy into ___ energy. chemical --> mechanical
In a car, the engine is typically ___ an internal combustion engine
An internal combustion engine works by ___ burning fuel inside the engine to produce heat, which is then converted into mechanical energy
The camshaft is a mechanical component in an engine that controls the opening and closing of the engine’s valves.
How does a camshaft work? (regarding motion) A camshaft works by converting the rotational motion of the engine’s crankshaft into a reciprocating motion
Camshaft: timing belt/chain a component that connects the camshaft to the crankshaft and ensures that the valves open and close at the correct time.
These terms refer to the location of the camshaft relative to the engine’s cylinder head. Camshaft: overhead valve (OHV) and overhead cam (OHC)
Camshaft: overhead valve (OHV) In an OHV engine, the camshaft is located in the engine block, and pushrods are used to actuate the valves in the cylinder head
Camshaft: overhead cam (OHC) an OHC engine has the camshaft located in the cylinder head and operates the valves directly. OHC engines tend to be more efficient and produce more power compared to OHV engines.
This refers to the number of camshafts in an engine. single and double arrangements
single overhead cam (SOHC) engine has one camshaft that operates all the valves
double overhead cam (DOHC) engine has two camshafts, with one dedicated to the intake valves and the other to the exhaust valves. DOHC engines are commonly found in high-performance engines, as they allow for better valve control and higher revving capability.
Combustion chamber the space where the air-fuel mixture is burned to produce heat energy, which is then converted into mechanical energy.
A combustion chamber is typically located in the ____ cylinder head of the engine, and its design plays a crucial role in determining the engine’s performance and efficiency.
Connecting Rod a mechanical component that connects the piston to the crankshaft.
How does a connecting rod work? (regarding motion) converts the reciprocating motion of the piston into rotary motion of the crankshaft, which is used to drive the vehicle’s wheels.
The connecting rod is an important component of ___ the engine’s bottom end and is subjected to significant stresses and forces during operation.
How does a crankshaft work? (regarding motion) a mechanical component that converts the reciprocating motion of the pistons into rotary motion, which is used to drive the vehicle’s wheels.
Where is the crankshaft located? in the engine block and is connected to the pistons via the connecting rods.
Cylinder The cylindrical chamber is where the air-fuel mixture is compressed and burned to produce heat energy, which is then converted into mechanical energy.
The cylinder houses ___ the piston, which moves up and down to compress the air-fuel mixture and extract mechanical energy from the combustion process
Engines can have multiple cylinders, and the number and arrangement of cylinders impact ___ the engine’s performance and characteristics.
cylinder head is a component that sits on top of the cylinder and seals the combustion chamber.
Cylinder heads typically contain ___ intake and exhaust valves, which are operated by the camshaft, and other components, such as the spark plug and fuel injector.
The cylinder head plays a critical role in ___ controlling the flow of air and fuel into the engine and exhaust gases out of the engine.
multi-valve cylinder head is a type of cylinder head that has more than two valves per cylinder. Multi-valve cylinder heads can have three, four, or more valves per cylinder, depending on the engine’s design.
standard cylinder head typically has one intake and one exhaust valve per cylinder
engine block is the main structural component that houses the cylinders, pistons, and other components.
What is an engine block typically made of? typically made of cast iron or aluminum and is responsible for supporting the engine’s weight and providing a rigid mounting point for the various engine components
The engine block contains passages for coolant, oil, and other fluids and is designed to withstand the high pressures and temperatures of the combustion process.
Exhaust Valve a mechanical component that allows the exhaust gases to exit the engine’s combustion chamber.
Where is the exhaust valve located? in the cylinder head and is operated by the camshaft, which opens and closes the valve at the appropriate time in the engine’s cycle.
Intake Valve a mechanical component that allows the air-fuel mixture to enter the engine’s combustion chamber.
Where is an intake valve located? in the cylinder head and is operated by the camshaft, which opens and closes the valve at the appropriate time in the engine’s cycle.
Pistons are cylindrical components that move up and down inside the engine’s cylinders.
What are pistons connected to? They are connected to the engine’s crankshaft via the connecting rod and are responsible for compressing the air-fuel mixture and extracting mechanical energy from the combustion process.
Piston rings are ___ small metal rings that fit into grooves on the piston’s outer surface. They provide a seal between the piston and the cylinder wall, which prevents the air-fuel mixture and combustion gases from leaking past the piston
Piston rings help regulate ___ the amount of oil that enters the combustion chamber to lubricate the cylinder walls, ensuring smooth operation and minimizing wear and tear.
Wrist pins are small, cylindrical components that connect the piston to the connecting rod.
Wrist pins are typically made of of steel or other high-strength materials
Wrist pins are responsible for ___ transmitting the reciprocating motion of the piston to the connecting rod, which in turn rotates the crankshaft to generate mechanical energy.
The _______-stroke cycle in an internal combustion engine is a process that converts fuel into mechanical energy to power a vehicle. four
A “stroke” refers to the movement of the engine’s piston inside the cylinder during each phase of the cycle.
What are the two types of strokes? upward (also called compression stroke) and downward (expansion or power stroke)
Created by: HayleyGav
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