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SPAUD 343 Midterm
Terms
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| abulia | a lack of will |
| akinesia | loss or impairment of the power of voluntary movement |
| perseveration | getting stuck in persistent repetition of the same word or idea in response to different questions |
| mutism | the inability or unwillingness to speak |
| hyposexuality | especially low level of sexual interest |
| explosive emotional liability | inability to control emotional expressions by constantly changing emotion |
| environmental dependency | the need for environmental cues to achieve goals |
| impersistence | the inability to stay on one task |
| confabulation | the characteristic of telling untrue stories (intentional or not) |
| mania | mood disorder marked by hyperactive, wildly optimistic state |
| hypersexuality | excessive sex drive |
| bradykinesia | slowed movements |
| hypokinesia | reduced/less movement |
| akinesia | basically no movement |
| rigidity | stiff/tight muscles that resist passive movement to a limb |
| dystonia | increased tone. abnormal, sustained involuntary muscle contractions |
| chorea | quick, involuntary, dance-like movements of hands/feet |
| athetosis | slow twisting movements of hands/feet |
| ballismus (hemisballismus) | quick, involuntary flinging of a limb (one sided) |
| tics | involuntary, non-rhythmic, repetitive motor or vocal behaviors |
| myoclonus | sudden involuntary muscle jerks |
| tremor | unintentional rhythmic shaking movements often in hands or voice (essential, intention, action, resting) |
| fasciciulations | muscle twitches |
| ataxia | uncoordinated motor movement, loss of motor control during voluntary movements |
| gait disorder | hemiplegia, parkinson's, ataxic, scissor |
| aphasia | "language troubles" fluent, non-fluent, conduction |
| apraxia | motor sequencing, sending instructions to produce correct speech but get mixed/messed up |
| dysarthria | nerves or muscle deficit |
| auditory processing disorder | can hear but cannot understand |
| proprioception | can sense where body is without seeing it |
| astereognosis | can't touch something with eyes closed and know what it is |
| alexia | difficulty/inability to read |
| acalculia | difficulty/inability to do math |
| phonological dyslexia | hard time sounding out unknown or fake words |
| anton's syndrome | fully blind but deny it |
| simultanagnosia | can't put parts of visual scene together in a comprehensive whole |
| prosopagnosia | face blindness |
| palinopsia | "ghost images" something appears in the same spot after it moves or see something that isn't there |
| visual agnosia | can see but cannot recognize objects |
| parasthesia | tingling, prickling, or burning sensation |
| anesthesia | numbness or loss of feeling |
| hypertonia | too much tone, rigidity |
| hypotonia | not enough or reduced tone, floppy |
| syncope | fainting, lose consciousness |
| presyncope | dizzy, start to black out |
| seizures | abnormal electrical activity in the brain. large spectrum of severity and causes |
| afferent | sensory signals PNS->CNS ascending |
| efferent | motor signals CNS->PNS descending |
| ganglion | group of cell bodies outside the CNS, gray matter PNS |
| nuclei | group of cell bodies inside the CNS |
| nerve | bundle of nerve fibers/axons outside the CNS, in the PNS |
| tract | bundle of nerve fibers/axons inside the CNS |
| GSE | to skeletal muscles. voluntary control |
| GVE | to smooth muscle, guts. involuntary control |
| GSA | from skin |
| GVA | from guts |
| S | somatic |
| V | visceral |
| E | efferent |
| A | afferent |
| dysmetria | under/overshooting touching a mark |
| dysdiachokinesia | inability to perform rapid, alternating movement with hand or mouth |
| nystagmus | fast, involuntary eye movement |
| ataxic dysarthria | slurred speech |
| anosmia | inability to smell |
| papillary light reflex | pupils adjusting to light levels |
| papilledema | optic disc swelling |
| ptosis | droopy eyelid |
| diplopia | double vision |
| jaw-jerk reflex | excessive movement of jaw when hit (positive is bad) |
| plantar reflex | toe flexing (positive bad when older) |
| patellar reflex | knee swing (positive is good) |
| plegia | paralysis |
| paresis | weakness |
| dysesthesia | abnormal sense of touch/pain |
| hydrocephalus | excess fluid in the brain |
| hypertension | high blood pressure |
| hyperosmolality | hyper concentration in blood. blood brain barrier breaks to diffuse |
| disfluencies | repetition, prolongations, stopping, blocking |
| BA 4 | primary motor cortex |
| BA 6 | supplementary motor cortex |
| BA 44+45 | broca's area |
| BA 41+42 | primary auditory area |
| declarative memory | long-term and episodic memory |
| anomia | word finding difficulties |
| lexical agraphia | can't visualize words in mind, hard time spelling |
| pure word deafness | can hear but can't understand speech, can identify non-speech sounds |
Created by:
ellicrandall
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