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KellyQ
physiology wk 1-6
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Which of the following may put one at risk for developing a given disease? | Environment Stress Lifestyle |
| Negative-feedback control systems: | oppose a change. |
| Of the pathogenic organisms, which of the following are the most complex? | Tapeworms |
| Of the 11 major body systems, which is the least involved in maintaining homeostasis? | Reproductive |
| Pathogenesis can be defined as: | the course of disease development. |
| The body’s thermostat is located in the: | hypothalamus. |
| Intracellular parasites that consist of DNA or RNA surrounded by a protein coat and sometimes by a lipoprotein envelope are called: | viruses |
| Which lipid acts as a “tissue hormone”? | Prostaglandin |
| The types of lipids found that form hormones, such as cortisone, estrogen, and testosterone are: | steroids. |
| When two molecules of glucose are joined, they form which disaccharide? | Maltose |
| A _____ is a functional group that is temporarily unattached and is highly reactive because of unpaired electrons. | free radical |
| Prostaglandins and steroids share which of the following characteristics? | Both have a ring structure in their molecule. |
| A structural lipid found in the cell membrane is a: | phospholipid. steroid. |
| What is the most important factor in determining the physical and chemical properties of fatty acids? | Degree of saturation |
| A saline solution that contains a higher concentration of salt than a red blood cell would be: | hypertonic. |
| Which of the following is not true of diffusion? | Uses cellular energy |
| A sequence of three bases forms a(n): | codon |
| Two solutions of different concentrations of glucose are separated by a membrane that allows both glucose and water to pass through. When dynamic equilibrium is reached, there will be: | an even exchange of material across the membrane |
| Transcription can be best described as the: | synthesis of mRNA |
| Which is not true about the sodium and potassium pump? | Sodium moves into the cell and potassium moves out of the cell. |
| Which is true about the sodium and potassium pump? | Three sodium ions are taken out of the cell. |
| Materials can be moved from a low concentration to a high concentration through: | active transport. |
| Which type of tissue has the greatest capacity to regenerate? | Epithelial |
| Which cells form the blood-brain barrier that protects the brain from harmful substances in the blood? | Astrocytes |
| What structure is formed by the union of the basal and reticular lamina? | Basement membrane |
| Which type of connective tissue helps newborns maintain body temperature by producing heat? | Brown fat |
| Which of the following is not a characteristic of connective tissue? | Typically holds its cells together tightly by means of desmosomes |
| Which of the following is not a function of adipose tissue? | Defends the body from microbes and injurious substances |
| Which of the following epithelial functions is a primary activity of glandular epithelium? | Secretion |
| Which tissue is most likely to form a keloid scar as it heals? | Connective |
| Which cells electrically insulate axons to increase the speed of conduction? | Oligodendrocytes Schwann cells |
| Until bone growth in length is complete, a layer of the cartilage, known as the _____, remains between the epiphysis and diaphysis. | epiphyseal plate |
| The humerus articulates proximally with the | scapula |
| Small cells that synthesize and secrete a specialized organic matrix are | osteoblasts |
| In bone formation, the cells that produce the organic matrix are the: | osteoblasts |
| A condition that is caused by an abnormally increased roundness in the thoracic curvature is | kyphosis |
| Bones grow in diameter by the combined action of which two of the three bone cell types? | osteoblasts and osteoclasts |
| The substance that attracts oxygen in the myoglobin molecule is: | iron |
| The opposite of dorsiflexion is: | plantar flexion |
| Physiological muscle fatigue may be caused by: | a relative lack of ATP. high levels of lactate. failure of the sodium-potassium pumps. |
| A condyloid joint is an example of a(n) _____ joint | biaxial |
| The type of movement that occurs when the head is dropped to the shoulder, then to the chest, to the other shoulder, and toward the back is: | circumduction |
| Which structure functions to temporarily store calcium ions? | Sarcoplasmic reticulum |
| Cross-bridges are also called: | myosin heads |
| Which joint allows for a unique movement called opposition? | Saddle |
| Which type of joint joins the two pubic bones together? | Symphysis |
| After it is released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum, the calcium combines with which protein? | Troponin |
| Most body movements are _____ contractions. | isotonic |
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