Question 1

Which of the following may put one at risk for developing a given disease?

Accepted Answer

Environment 
Stress 
Lifestyle

Question 2

Negative-feedback control systems:

Accepted Answer

oppose a change.

Question 3

Of the pathogenic organisms, which of the following are the most complex?

Accepted Answer

Tapeworms

Question 4

Of the 11 major body systems, which is the least involved in maintaining homeostasis?

Accepted Answer

Reproductive

Question 5

Pathogenesis can be defined as:

Accepted Answer

the course of disease development.

Question 6

The body’s thermostat is located in the:

Accepted Answer

hypothalamus.

Question 7

Intracellular parasites that consist of DNA or RNA surrounded by a protein coat and sometimes by a lipoprotein envelope are called:

Accepted Answer

viruses

Question 8

Which lipid acts as a “tissue hormone”?

Accepted Answer

Prostaglandin

Question 9

The types of lipids found that form hormones, such as cortisone, estrogen, and testosterone are:

Accepted Answer

steroids.

Question 10

When two molecules of glucose are joined, they form which disaccharide?

Accepted Answer

Maltose

Question 11

A _____ is a functional group that is temporarily unattached and is highly reactive because of unpaired electrons.

Accepted Answer

free radical

Question 12

Prostaglandins and steroids share which of the following characteristics?

Accepted Answer

Both have a ring structure in their molecule.

Question 13

A structural lipid found in the cell membrane is a:

Accepted Answer

phospholipid. 
steroid.

Question 14

What is the most important factor in determining the physical and chemical properties of fatty acids?

Accepted Answer

Degree of saturation

Question 15

A saline solution that contains a higher concentration of salt than a red blood cell would be:

Accepted Answer

hypertonic.

Question 16

Which of the following is not true of diffusion?

Accepted Answer

Uses cellular energy

Question 17

A sequence of three bases forms a(n):

Accepted Answer

codon

Question 18

Two solutions of different concentrations of glucose are separated by a membrane that allows both glucose and water to pass through. When dynamic equilibrium is reached, there will be:

Accepted Answer

an even exchange of material across the membrane

Question 19

Transcription can be best described as the:

Accepted Answer

synthesis of mRNA

Question 20

Which is not true about the sodium and potassium pump?

Accepted Answer

Sodium moves into the cell and potassium moves out of the cell.

Question 21

Which is true about the sodium and potassium pump?

Accepted Answer

Three sodium ions are taken out of the cell.

Question 22

Materials can be moved from a low concentration to a high concentration through:

Accepted Answer

active transport.

Question 23

Which type of tissue has the greatest capacity to regenerate?

Accepted Answer

Epithelial

Question 24

Which cells form the blood-brain barrier that protects the brain from harmful substances in the blood?

Accepted Answer

Astrocytes

Question 25

What structure is formed by the union of the basal and reticular lamina?

Accepted Answer

Basement membrane

Question 26

Which type of connective tissue helps newborns maintain body temperature by producing heat?

Accepted Answer

Brown fat

Question 27

Which of the following is not a characteristic of connective tissue?

Accepted Answer

Typically holds its cells together tightly by means of desmosomes

Question 28

Which of the following is not a function of adipose tissue?

Accepted Answer

Defends the body from microbes and injurious substances

Question 29

Which of the following epithelial functions is a primary activity of glandular epithelium?

Accepted Answer

Secretion

Question 30

Which tissue is most likely to form a keloid scar as it heals?

Accepted Answer

Connective

Question 31

Which cells electrically insulate axons to increase the speed of conduction?

Accepted Answer

Oligodendrocytes 
Schwann cells

Question 32

Until bone growth in length is complete, a layer of the cartilage, known as the _____, remains between the epiphysis and diaphysis.

Accepted Answer

epiphyseal plate

Question 33

The humerus articulates proximally with the

Accepted Answer

scapula

Question 34

Small cells that synthesize and secrete a specialized organic matrix are

Accepted Answer

osteoblasts

Question 35

In bone formation, the cells that produce the organic matrix are the:

Accepted Answer

osteoblasts

Question 36

A condition that is caused by an abnormally increased roundness in the thoracic curvature is

Accepted Answer

kyphosis

Question 37

Bones grow in diameter by the combined action of which two of the three bone cell types?

Accepted Answer

osteoblasts and osteoclasts

Question 38

The substance that attracts oxygen in the myoglobin molecule is:

Accepted Answer

iron

Question 39

The opposite of dorsiflexion is:

Accepted Answer

plantar flexion

Question 40

Physiological muscle fatigue may be caused by:

Accepted Answer

a relative lack of ATP. 
 high levels of lactate. 
 failure of the sodium-potassium pumps.

Question 41

A condyloid joint is an example of a(n) _____ joint

Accepted Answer

biaxial

Question 42

The type of movement that occurs when the head is dropped to the shoulder, then to the chest, to the other shoulder, and toward the back is:

Accepted Answer

circumduction

Question 43

Which structure functions to temporarily store calcium ions?

Accepted Answer

Sarcoplasmic reticulum

Question 44

Cross-bridges are also called:

Accepted Answer

myosin heads

Question 45

Which joint allows for a unique movement called opposition?

Accepted Answer

Saddle

Question 46

Which type of joint joins the two pubic bones together?

Accepted Answer

Symphysis

Question 47

After it is released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum, the calcium combines with which protein?

Accepted Answer

Troponin

Question 48

Most body movements are _____ contractions.

Accepted Answer

isotonic

KellyQ

physiology wk 1-6

Question	Answer
Which of the following may put one at risk for developing a given disease?	Environment Stress Lifestyle
Negative-feedback control systems:	oppose a change.
Of the pathogenic organisms, which of the following are the most complex?	Tapeworms
Of the 11 major body systems, which is the least involved in maintaining homeostasis?	Reproductive
Pathogenesis can be defined as:	the course of disease development.
The body’s thermostat is located in the:	hypothalamus.
Intracellular parasites that consist of DNA or RNA surrounded by a protein coat and sometimes by a lipoprotein envelope are called:	viruses
Which lipid acts as a “tissue hormone”?	Prostaglandin
The types of lipids found that form hormones, such as cortisone, estrogen, and testosterone are:	steroids.
When two molecules of glucose are joined, they form which disaccharide?	Maltose
A _____ is a functional group that is temporarily unattached and is highly reactive because of unpaired electrons.	free radical
Prostaglandins and steroids share which of the following characteristics?	Both have a ring structure in their molecule.
A structural lipid found in the cell membrane is a:	phospholipid. steroid.
What is the most important factor in determining the physical and chemical properties of fatty acids?	Degree of saturation
A saline solution that contains a higher concentration of salt than a red blood cell would be:	hypertonic.
Which of the following is not true of diffusion?	Uses cellular energy
A sequence of three bases forms a(n):	codon
Two solutions of different concentrations of glucose are separated by a membrane that allows both glucose and water to pass through. When dynamic equilibrium is reached, there will be:	an even exchange of material across the membrane
Transcription can be best described as the:	synthesis of mRNA
Which is not true about the sodium and potassium pump?	Sodium moves into the cell and potassium moves out of the cell.
Which is true about the sodium and potassium pump?	Three sodium ions are taken out of the cell.
Materials can be moved from a low concentration to a high concentration through:	active transport.
Which type of tissue has the greatest capacity to regenerate?	Epithelial
Which cells form the blood-brain barrier that protects the brain from harmful substances in the blood?	Astrocytes
What structure is formed by the union of the basal and reticular lamina?	Basement membrane
Which type of connective tissue helps newborns maintain body temperature by producing heat?	Brown fat
Which of the following is not a characteristic of connective tissue?	Typically holds its cells together tightly by means of desmosomes
Which of the following is not a function of adipose tissue?	Defends the body from microbes and injurious substances
Which of the following epithelial functions is a primary activity of glandular epithelium?	Secretion
Which tissue is most likely to form a keloid scar as it heals?	Connective
Which cells electrically insulate axons to increase the speed of conduction?	Oligodendrocytes Schwann cells
Until bone growth in length is complete, a layer of the cartilage, known as the _____, remains between the epiphysis and diaphysis.	epiphyseal plate
The humerus articulates proximally with the	scapula
Small cells that synthesize and secrete a specialized organic matrix are	osteoblasts
In bone formation, the cells that produce the organic matrix are the:	osteoblasts
A condition that is caused by an abnormally increased roundness in the thoracic curvature is	kyphosis
Bones grow in diameter by the combined action of which two of the three bone cell types?	osteoblasts and osteoclasts
The substance that attracts oxygen in the myoglobin molecule is:	iron
The opposite of dorsiflexion is:	plantar flexion
Physiological muscle fatigue may be caused by:	a relative lack of ATP. high levels of lactate. failure of the sodium-potassium pumps.
A condyloid joint is an example of a(n) _____ joint	biaxial
The type of movement that occurs when the head is dropped to the shoulder, then to the chest, to the other shoulder, and toward the back is:	circumduction
Which structure functions to temporarily store calcium ions?	Sarcoplasmic reticulum
Cross-bridges are also called:	myosin heads
Which joint allows for a unique movement called opposition?	Saddle
Which type of joint joins the two pubic bones together?	Symphysis
After it is released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum, the calcium combines with which protein?	Troponin
Most body movements are _____ contractions.	isotonic

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